Understanding measurement is a simple thing, once you know the difference between offset and backspacing.
- Backspacing is easy to measure (depth of the wheel, as measured from the backside, from the wheel lip to the wheel mounting flange).
- Offset is not measured, it's calculated. It's the distance between the wheel mounting flange plane and the wheel center (which is a little weird to calculate, it's not the middle of the wheel).
Some wheel retailers/builders want to know the offset, others want to know the backspacing.
More info here :
https://www.rsracing.com/tech-wheel.html
From what I saw on my car, zero offset is best for a Challenger.
You can use the web page below to simulate different wheels and tires (I used it a lot to see equivalent tire sizes and make sure I stayed at the OEM tire diameter) :
http://www.bigcustomwheels.com/rt_specs.jsp
For your car, you have two solutions : the lazy way (measure for your wheels on the worst side, the wheel will have a little more clearance on the other side), and the hard way : remove your rear end, grind off the spring perches, and weld on a pair of new ones 1/8" from where the old ones were, being carefull not to offset the pinion angle, so your rear end is centered.
I would take the lazy way out (in fact, maybe I did, but I'm not sure anybody will notice a 1/8" difference between either side on my car!)
That's 3 millimeters deviation on a tire that's 275mm wide.... We're talking 30ish-year old cars here, not space shuttles!
Check out a tire retailer (
http://www.tirerack.com is a good place to get really available tire sizes for the tires you want), and make sure you can get the tire you want on the rim you're considering before you buy the wheels.
I spent 6 months doing this, so don't sweat it if you can't make up your mind quick. I originally started looking for Torque-Thurst D's, and couldn't find them in the right width, then I grew fed up with the ubiquitous look on those wheels and started looking at other models.
Then I did what finally led to my choice : I measured what could fit (9.5" rear), and started looking for every wheel in that width, from 16" up. Ended up buying 19" because of tire availability (load rating, speed rating etc.). Finding good tires in 16 or 17" sizes, that match the original diameter, and are not 'truck' tires (good luck finding 255/55R17 tires in any performance series) is a daunting task.
Don't start looking for tires once you have bought your wheels. Choose a tire size first, check that it's available, and then get the wheel that can be used with it.
I limited my choice to the 'Extreme Performance Summer' and 'Max Performance Summer' ranges at Tire Rack :
http://www.tirerack.com/tires/surveyresults/index.jsp
All the good-sized tires I could find in 17 or 16 sizes were for SUVs.
Some 18" and 19" were for cars (mostly Porsches, Ferraris and Mercedes)
(Perceived) Wheel dish is largely subjective, and depends on the wheel design. I have about a 3" dish on my rear wheels (
http://www.forgeline.com/wheels/md3p.jpg ), it would 'look' bigger with 5-spoke wheels because of the smooth portion between the spokes (example :
http://www.etwheels.com/et/classic5.html )