This manual is provided to you in electronic format. It is supplied for the sole purpose of documenting and supporting Mult-Tech Systems' products. Any translation, modification, or unauthorized copying of this manual is strictly prohibited. The information contained herein is protected by U.S. copyright laws and international treaties. This text-only version of the MT2834LT manual, P/N 82037101, Rev. B, documents the MT2834LT and LTI modems as well as PCM Plus software version 1.04. 1.1 Introduction Welcome to the world of mobile data communications. You have acquired one of the finest intelligent PCMCIA™ data/fax card modems available today, the MultiModemLT, from Multi-Tech Systems. Your MultiModemLT (domestic model MT2834LT and international model MT2834LTI) provides data communication at 28,800, 19,200, 14,400, 9600, and 2400 bps with error correction, data compression, and more! It complies with the ITU-T (formerly CCITT) V.34 standard, which includes features such as EIA extended automode, adaptive line probing, automatic symbol rate, and carrier frequency during start-up. This owner's manual helps you install, configure, test, and use your modem, and provides other information as well. 1.2 How to Use this Manual This manual contains eight chapters. Several appendices at the end of this manual provide additional information in a more condensed form. The information contained in each chapter and appendix is as follows. Chapter 1_Introduction and Description This chapter begins with a short introduction, followed by a guide (which you are now reading) to the use of the manual. It discusses what components are included in the MultiModemLT package. It then provides a more detailed description of the modem and tells about the notation conventions used in the manual. Chapter 2_Software Installation and Operation This chapter describes the two levels of procedures (Quick Install and Advanced Install) for installing the PCM Plus software on your system. It also includes basic instructions for use with the MultiModemLT. Chapter 3_Hardware Installation and Connection This chapter covers procedures for connecting the MultiModemLT to your computer and the phone line. Chapter 4_Manual Dial and Automatic Answer This chapter covers some modem operations, but delays discussion of Command mode operation until Chapter 5. It covers manual dial mode and answer mode operation in detail, as well as the handshaking procedures employed between two modems in an auto-answer application. It then discusses various methods of call termination. Chapter 5_AT Command Mode Operation This chapter begins with an introduction and discussion of the MultiModemLT Command mode fundamentals. A flow chart is provided to illustrate Command mode and On-line mode operation and the methods used in each mode. Next, it summarizes the modem's commands and responses, giving a detailed explanation of each MultiModemLT command and providing examples where applicable. Chapter 6_S-Registers This chapter covers the MultiModemLT's software registers (S- Registers), which store and/or configure various modem options. It explains the use of each S-Register in terms of its purpose, valid range of values, and default settings. Chapter 7_Testing Your Modem This chapter covers the modem's test features. The four tests (Power-On Self-Test, Analog Loopback, Digital Loopback, and Remote Digital Loopback) let you check that the MultiModemLT is functioning properly. Chapter 8_Remote Configuration This chapter describes how the MultiModemLT Remote Configuration feature operates. This feature uses a multilevel security system that involves the use of LOGIN passwords, SETUP passwords, and remote escape characters. Appendices Appendix B_Dial Pulse and Tone Dial Frequencies Appendix C_MultiModemLT Cables/Connectors Appendix D_Escape Methods Appendix E_Programming Reference Appendix F_PCMCIA Driver Deinstallation Appendix G_PCM Plus Drivers & Memory Management Appendix H_Troubleshooting PCM Plus Software Appendix I_Regulatory Compliance Appendix J_Technical Specifications Glossary Index 1.3 What is in Your Modem Package? Check your MultiModemLT package for the following before operating your modem: * MultiModemLT * 9-pin to dual RJ11 CoolJax™ connector and telephone cord (MT2834LT), or Line Adapter Module (LAM) cable (MT2834LTI) * MultiModemLT Owner's Manual and MultiModemLT Quick Reference Guide * PCM Plus software diskette (for DOS and Windows™) * MultiExpressFax™ for Windows diskette(s) * MultiExpress™ for Windows diskette(s) * MultiModemLT protective cover If any of these items are missing, please contact Multi-Tech Systems or your dealer/distributor. You need to install the PCM Plus software provided. It contains device drivers that your MultiModemLT needs to communicate with your PC. If you choose to install and use the provided MultiExpress data communications and MultiExpressFax facsimile software, please refer to the provided MultiModemLT Quick Reference Guide. 1.4 Product Description Your MultiModemLT fits into a special slot called a PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) socket in your portable, laptop, and notebook computer. (It can also be used with desktop PCs and many other applications where desktop modems are normally used.) Your MultiModemLT lets you take all the features of your high performance Multi-Tech desktop modem on the road. The PCMCIA standard specifies a removable PC Card in terms of physical dimensions, pin assignments, electrical specifications, protocols, and file formats. The MultiModemLT is a 2.126" x 3.37" removable Type II (5 mm thick) PC Card. Within the constraints of the industry standards, we've loaded your modem with the following: the latest ITU-T's (formerly CCITT) V.34 standard for 28.8K bps, AT&T's V.32terbo standard for 19.2K bps, as well as CCITT's V.32bis and V.32 standards for 14.4K and 9600 bps data speeds, respectively; Class 2 Group 3 fax transmissions at 14.4K, 9600, or 4800 bps; error correction; and data compression. The MultiModemLT is also downward compatible with modems at data speeds of 2400, 1200, and 300 bps. Perhaps the most significant features of the MultiModemLT are its error correction, data compression, and fax capabilities. With CCITT V.42 error correction, data sent is 100% error free. The V.42bis data compression provides data compression at speeds up to 115.2K bps (depending on file content and the receiving modem's capability). With data compression, your files may be sent up to 400% faster with V.42bis or up to 200% faster with MNPr Class 5. The MultiModemLT offers interactive automatic dialing, as well as Command mode option configuration. Up to ten command lines, of up to 60 characters each, can be stored in the modem's nonvolatile memory. The modem uses pulse and/or tone dialing, and can recognize dial tones and busy signals for reliable call-progress detection. The MultiModemLT can also detect AT&T calling card tones to access the user's calling card before creating an on-line connection. The MultiModemLT is fully compatible with the standard AT command set, and therefore with all popular communications software packages. The MT2834LT comes with the patent-pending CoolJax duplex phone connector. The CoolJax eliminates messy cables, and allows you to plug your telephone into one of the RJ11 jacks. Now you can use your telephone anytime you're not using your MT2834LT modem, without the inconvenience of swapping plugs. Important Note to Users of MT2834LTI UK Version Modems Your MT2834LTI modem is intended for use in a PCMCIA socket with the following electrical characteristics: +5V dc (¤ 0.25V) at 150 mA; ripple noise 200 mV peak to peak. You should ensure that your PC's PCMCIA socket meets the above requirements before installing the MT2834LTI modem. Your host PC should be approved for indirect connection to the telephone network under general approval NS/G/1234/J/100003. If it is not, seek advice from the supplier of your PC. 1.5 Notation Conventions Used The following conventions are used to represent commands, defaults, and instructions that you type or see on your screen when using your MultiModemLT. Notation Conventions YOU TYPE THIS Bold, uppercase type specifies an actual command string or other information you should enter. Spell the entry exactly as shown using upper or lower case type. AT Command Bold, italicized type specifies an AT command. This convention is used when we do not intend for you to type it. O, 0 Both the letter O and the number 0 are used in the MultiModemLT's AT commands. The letter O is "fatter" than the number 0. We do not use the overstrike o to symbolize zero in this manual. D:\path\filename File name and/or path. In the following example, a request for a file path is indicated as: D:\path\filename D is the drive and path is the full directory path where the file is found. ENTER, Instructs you to press the Return, Enter, or Carriage Return key (depending on how your keyboard is marked). CTRL Instructs you to press the Control key. For example, a Control X (accomplished by pressing the X key while holding down the Control key) is written as CTRL-X. [Options] Replace with option(s) you select. For example, replace PCMSS.EXE [Options] with PCMSS.EXE /RS=0. Default Value Underlining specifies a default value. If you do not provide a value, the system supplies the underscored value. 2.1 Introduction PhoenixCARD Manager Plus (PCM Plus) is a software program that installs device drivers which let you operate your MultiModemLT in your PC's PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) slot. PCM Plus lets you choose the mode of installation that is suitable to your level of use. Whether you are a novice or an advanced user, Quick mode installation is fast and simple to use, and requires little or no knowledge of the technology involved in the inner workings of the PCM Plus software. To the novice user, PCM Plus appears almost transparent. For the advanced user, Advanced mode lets you customize your DOS CONFIG.SYS or Microsoftr Windows™ SYSTEM.INI file to suit your system's needs. An advanced user should have an understanding of DOS and Windows, as well as an understanding of PC memory management, IRQ conflicts, and driver addressing. PCM Plus provides simple menu selections through either a DOS or Windows interface. Most PCMCIA cards are configured automatically by PCM Plus. And if you need to swap cards in the middle of a program, PCM Plus lets you set up and reconfigure on-the-fly. 2.1.1 Features PCM Plus provides these features: * Setup program that lets the novice user quickly and easily install PCM Plus while also providing a full range of customization features for the sophisticated user * Support for the DOS 6.0 Multiple Boot Option * Easy-to-use deinstallation utility for removing older versions of PCMCIA software * Easy-to-use information/configuration utilities for managing PCMCIA cards in both DOS and Microsoft Windows versions * Hot insertion and removal of PC cards without the need to reboot * Support for Power Management 2.1.2 Document Conventions The following terms and concepts are used to present the user interface for the MultiModemLT drivers/utilities described in this manual. 2.1.2.1 Driver Files Drivers, or device drivers, are programs that connect your PC's operating system to either an internal function or a peripheral, such as the MultiModemLT. Drivers are usually included in either your CONFIG.SYS (DOS drivers) or your SYSTEM.INI (Microsoft Windows drivers). You can locate the DOS drivers on any drive. However, you must specify the full path for DOS drivers not located in the root directory of the boot device. Windows drivers must reside in the Microsoft Windows\System directory. 2.1.2.2 Executable Files Both DOS and Windows executables may reside on any disk to which the system has access. For DOS to find and execute a file, the .EXE or .COM file must reside in a directory specified using the PATH command or in the current directory, or executed using the full path name. You may run Windows executables (SYSTEM.INI) from any directory as long as you specify the full path when running the program or when creating or defining the Windows icon. 2.2 Installation PCM Plus software can be quickly and easily installed. Follow the step-by-step instructions. Note: Since installing PCM Plus modifies your AUTOEXEC.BAT, CONFIG.SYS, and/or SYSTEM.INI files, it's a good idea to make backup copies of these files. You may want the changes made to your CONFIG.SYS file on a bootable system disk to verify that the changes work properly. 2.2.1 Preparations The following lists several pieces of information you need to install the PCM Plus software. * Make sure your computer has these minimum requirements: * 2 MB of RAM memory * 784 KB of hard disk space * 80386 or later microprocessor * Count the number of PCMCIA sockets in your computer. * Find the full path to which your Windows directory can be found. If you are uncertain, look for the WIN.INI and SYSTEM.INI files. The directory containing these files is your Windows directory. * If you are using the DOS 6.0 Multiple Boot option, be aware that the PCM Plus software will be installed for the currently booted configuration. 2.2.2 Installing PCM Plus Note: Since installing PCM Plus modifies your AUTOEXEC.BAT, CONFIG.SYS, and/or SYSTEM.INI files, it's a good idea to make backup copies of these files. You may want the changes made to your CONFIG.SYS file on a bootable system disk to verify that the changes work properly. Follow these instructions to install and set up the PCM Plus program quickly. 1. Make a backup copy of the distribution diskette and store it. 2. Insert the distribution diskette in drive A:, type A:\INSTALL, and press ENTER. The title screen appears. 3. Press any key. If you have a multiple boot option in DOS, a warning appears. This screen warns you that the PCM Plus software will install in the current configuration. To change to a different configuration, exit the installation by pressing the F3 funtion key. Reboot you PC and select the correct configuration before reinstalling PCM Plus. Otherwise, the following informational screen appears. 4. This screen tells you which PCMCIA controller PCM Plus has determined is in your computer. Use the help message (press F1) for information on which controller types are currently recognized by PCM Plus. Press any key and the following screen appears. 5. This screen not only lets you specify the name of the directory you want for the PCM Plus files, it also tells you how much space will be necessary for the installation. Make sure that there is at least this much room on your hard disk before beginning the installation. Either select the default directory path or type another, then press ENTER. A screen appears that provides information on the progress of the installation. 6. When PCM Plus has finished copying all necessary files to the designated directory, an informational screen appears about successfully copying all files and automatically updating others. Press any key and the PCM Plus setup title screen appears. 7. Press any key and an informational screen about the PCM Plus setup program appears. If you see another message, follow the instructions provided. For more information on messages, refer to Appendix H, Troubleshooting. If the message instructs you to edit your CONFIG.SYS file first before continuing with the program, refer to Appendix F and Appendix H for more information. 8. Press any key to continue. The following screen appears. 9. The "Quick Mode" option is highlighted. Press ENTER to select the Quick Mode. This provides the shortest method for installing and setting up PCM Plus. In most cases, the default values provided by Quick Mode are sufficient. If you prefer to customize the setup of your system, select the "Advanced Mode" option. Advanced Mode lets you specify IRQ and Card Information Service (CIS) Window Address values, and also specify information for ATA and Flash cards (if you plan to use either of them). Once you select Quick Mode or Advanced Mode, the "Socket Information" screen appears. 10. If the number of sockets is correct, press ENTER. If the number is not correct, enter the correct number and then press ENTER. The sockets are the number of PCMCIA ports that your computer possesses. Most computers provide one or two of these ports. Normally PCM Plus senses the number of sockets your computer has and presents the correct number on this screen. The "Microsoft Windows" screen comes up with "Yes" highlighted. 11. If Windows is installed on your system, just press ENTER. If Windows is not installed on your machine, use the down arrow key to move the highlight to "No," then press ENTER. Note: PCM Plus software only runs in enhanced Windows mode. If you try to run this software in standard Windows mode, you get the following error message: PCMCIA card insertion/removal not supported in standard Windows mode. 12. The Windows path defaults to C:\WINDOWS. If this is correct, press ENTER. If this is not correct, change it to the correct path name and then press ENTER. 13. If PCM Plus detects expanded memory on your system, it displays the EMS Activation screen. PCM Plus can load some of its PCMCIA drivers into EMS memory, above the 1Mb address. This reduces the amount of conventional memory used, leaving more memory for other programs. Select Yes or No. 14. If you selected the Quick Mode of installation, go to step 16. If you selected the Advanced Mode of installation, the "Advanced Setup" screen appears. 15. It includes specific information on the IRQ setting that is used by the PCMCS driver to determine when a card is inserted or extracted, the CIS window address you require, the Token Ring speed you will be using (if you have chosen Token Ring as your network type), and the Card Settle Time. Select the values you require. Use the Tab key or the up/down arrow keys to go from field to field. Type in the values you require at each field. When you are finished, press ENTER to accept the displayed values. Note: If you select a value which conflicts with an existing driver or device (for example, if the IRQ you select here is already being used by another device), a conflict warning appears. Select another value or change the setting of the device that is using the current value. For more on memory address conflicts, refer to Appendix G. The "Flash File System" screen appears with "Yes" highlighted. 16. If you are going to use a flash card, Microsoft's Flash File System for PCMCIA memory cards is the best known program for formatting and maintaining files on the card. Most unformatted flash cards on the market support this program. Press ENTER to accept "Yes". If your flash card comes to you already formatted or if you plan to use another formatting and file management utility, use the down arrow key to highlight "No" then press ENTER. 17. The Flash File System path defaults to the C:\PCM31 directory. If this is acceptable, press ENTER. If this is not correct, enter another path name, such as C:\FFSII, then press ENTER. If you select "Yes" and a note like the following appears, copy the file MS-FLASH.SYS from the distribution diskette to your Flash File System directory. The file MS-FLASH.SYS is missing from your Flash File System directory. PCM+ requires this file in order for the Flash File System to function. Please copy this file as soon as possible. The "Modem/Fax" screen appears with "Yes" highlighted. 18. Press ENTER to use your MultiModemLT PCMCIA modem/fax card in your computer's PCMCIA slot. The "Communication Ports" screen appears with COM1 highlighted. 19. Select COM1, COM2, COM3, or COM4 by using the up or down arrow keys, then press ENTER. To determine which port designation you should make, check your computer. Many laptop and portable computers, and most desktop computers, already have one serial port, usually designated COM1. This means that adding a fax/modem board provides a new serial port which will normally be designated as COM2. Note: Conflicts can occur between existing COM ports and the MultiModemLT (i.e., do not assign COM 4 to the MultiModemLT if it is already occupied). Also, COM ports share IRQs, and consequently may present conflicts (e.g., COM ports 1 and 3 share IRQ 4, and COM ports 2 and 4 share IRQ 3). To change a COM port IRQ, use the Edit Card Configuration option of the Configure menu in section 2.3, Configuration Utilities for DOS and Windows. The "ATA Socket" screen appears with "Yes" highlighted. 20. If you plan to use ATA-type cards, press ENTER. If you do not plan to use an ATA card with this computer, highlight "No" with the down arrow key and press ENTER. If your computer has more than one PCMCIA socket, a second "ATA Socket" screen appears, asking which socket contains the ATA hard disk card. Press ENTER to specify Socket 0 or use the down arrow to highlight another socket then press ENTER to confirm your socket choice. The PCMCIA Network Card Selection screen appears. 21. You don't need to specify any network type at this time since you can dynamically configure your system for a network card when you add the card using either the PCM or PCMWIN utilities. Simply press ENTER to exit this screen. If you want to specify either Token Ring or Ethernet network for a PCMCIA network card, follow these instructions: a. Use the up or down arrow to highlight one of the network types. b. Press the spacebar to select the option. An arrow appears to the right of your selection. To deselect that option, press the spacebar again and the arrow disappears. c. Press ENTER to confirm your choices. 22. At this point, a power management warning may display if you do not have APM or POWER.EXE loaded. Press ENTER to move on to the final screen. Refer to Appendix H, Troubleshooting, for information on this warning. The "Setup complete" screen appears with "Yes" highlighted. 23. Press ENTER to complete the installation. PCMSETUP updates the PCM.INI file, PROGMAN.INI, CONFIG.SYS, WIN.INI, and SYSTEM.INI files as appropriate. It also adds the PCM Plus directory to your PATH statement in AUTOEXEC.BAT. Type N and hit ENTER to abort the installation. The program exits to the DOS prompt. For additional information, type README and hit ENTER. Several pages of enhancements, additions, and corrections to the software and manual are provided. Note: Since Quick and Advanced Install change your CONFIG.SYS, SYSTEM.INI, and AUTOEXEC.BAT files, you must reboot your system before these changes become active. Use your system reset button, press CTRL-ALT-DEL, or turn your system off and then on again. 24. After rebooting, you are ready to install the MultiModemLT according to the instructions in Chapter 3. If you want to change the card configurations, go to the next section. 2.3 Configuration Utilities for DOS and Windows After PCM Plus is installed, it should recognize a majority of the PCMCIA cards when you insert them and dynamically configure them, including the MultiModemLT. However, there may be instances when PCM Plus either does not recognize the inserted card or has trouble assigning configuration values that do not conflict with other programs in your system. To solve this problem, this configuration program provides fast and easy configuration for any PCMCIA I/O card you install. This configuration utility provides information about the current card(s) inserted, and lets you edit the configuration of the card(s) to define and use the most appropriate configuration for your system. You can also configure new cards and modify their configurations, but this requires a basic knowledge of system resource allocation. A version of PCM is available for both the DOS (PCM) and Windows (PCMWin) environments. Both programs are explained in this chapter. Note: This PCM Plus configuration program can only configure I/O cards although it can display information about all card types. If you try to configure another type of card, for example an ATA or flash memory card, PCM Plus cannot do it. If PCM Plus reports a non-I/O card as unconfigured, PCM Plus will be unable to configure it. 2.3.1 PCM_DOS Configuration Utility PCM is a menu-based DOS configuration utility that lets you view and configure PCMCIA cards. The menus include view, information, configure, and option. (Press the F1 key for help information related to each menu item.) Each menu is described in greater detail in the following sections. Note: Do not try to execute this utility in a Windows environment. Instead, use the Windows information utility described in the next section. Table 2-1 Opening, Viewing, and Exiting PCM 1. To open the PCM Plus configuration program, go to the PCM Plus directory (C:\PCM3) at the DOS prompt. 2. Type PCM and hit ENTER. The General Information Per Socket screen appears with information on the card presently inserted in the designated socket. Here you can check the status of your MultiModemLT or other PCMCIA card. The status line displays the card's current configuration status. If PCM Plus configured the card automatically, the line reads "Card configured successfully". If the program did not recognize the card or the card has no CIS, this line reads "Unconfigured". In this case, you must configure the card manually using this program. If you insert or remove a card while PCM is running, a message will appear which reflects the card's insterted or removed status. If you have more than one socket and card installed in this computer, use the PgUp/PgDn keys to view them. To view any of the menu options, press the ALT key and type the highlighted letter of the menu option. 3. To exit, press the ALT key and select the Exit option by either highlighting "Exit" and pressing ENTER, or simply by typing X. 2.3.2 PCMWin_Windows Configuration Utiltiy This PCM Plus configuration process is handled almost the same in Windows. PCMWIN is installed automatically by PCMSETUP if it finds your computer has Windows installed. The installation program inserts a PhoenixCardManager group in Program Manager and places the PCMWin icon inside that window. Note: PCMWin does not work in Windows standard mode. To run PCMWIN, use 386 Enhanced mode. To run and configure cards using PCMWin (which is very similar to the DOS program PCM), follow the steps below. Table 2-2 Opening, Viewing, and Exiting PCMWin 1. Bring up Windows and double-click the PCMWin icon. A screen displays information on the card presently inserted. Here you can check the status of your MultiModemLT or other PCMCIA card. The status line displays the card's current configuration status. If PCM Plus configured the card automatically, the line reads "Card configured successfully". If the program did not recognize the card or the card has no CIS, this line reads "Unconfigured". In this case, you must configure the card manually using this program. If you insert or remove a card while PCM is running, a message will appear which reflects the card's insterted or removed status. To check other sockets, either use the up/down arrow keys or press the Previous/Next buttons. To view any of the menu options, click on the menu option. 2. To exit, click the View menu option and then click on "Exit". 2.3.3 PCM and PCMWin Menu Options The PCM and PCMWin menus include four options: view, information, configure, and option. To view any of the menu options, either press the ALT key and type the highlighted letter of the menu option or click on the menu option. Each menu is described in greater detail in the following sections. 2.3.3.1 View The View menu lets you display advanced information about your PCMCIA card (such as resource and register information), and also lets you exit PCM. 2.3.3.2 Information The Information menu lets you access a list of all card configurations and client drivers already recorded. You can then quickly review configuration information on all I/O cards previously configured by this computer under PCM Plus, as well as a list of client program information. 2.3.3.3 Configure The Configure menu lets you add a card and edit configuration information for an inserted card. The following tables give instructions on both of these processes. Table 2-3 Adding a Card to the List 1. At the main menu, press the ALT key and type C or use your mouse to select the Configure option. 2. Select "Add Card to List" (after you have inserted the card). 3. Each installed card can have several card configurations defining specific memory, I/O, or IRQ settings. Press the up/down arrow keys or select the Previous/Next buttons to display configuration settings already defined for this card. Select the configuration you want by pressing ENTER. 4. You are prompted on whether or not to validate this configuration. Select "Yes" to test the configuration values you've just entered. If the PCM configuration utility finds any conflicts, it reports them and provides you with an opportunity to change the conflicting value. If there are no conflicting values, the program reports a successful configuration. Select "No" to bypass the validation and testing process. 5. You are prompted on whether or not to save this configuration. Select "Yes" to save the new values. These parameters take effect immediately. The configuration information you added is automatically written to the PCM Plus initialization file, PCM.INI. Select "No" to return to the main configuration menu without saving the new values. Table 2-4 Editing a Card's Configuration 1. At the main menu, press the ALT key and type C or use your mouse to select the Configure option. 2. Select "Edit Config Parameters". You can only edit some of the lines which appear in this window; the rest are provided for your information. The values that you can edit appear below the Compliance field, including Configuration Loaded, Memory Window, I/O Window, IRQ, and Configuration Registers. Press the up/down arrow keys or select the Previous/Next buttons to display configuration settings already defined for this card. Press the TAB key to move from field to field, and press the Shift + TAB keys to move backward through the fields. Or use your mouse to highlight a field to edit. 3. Change a field by typing in new values. When you have changed all the values required for this card, confirm this configuration and exit to the main menu by hitting ENTER or selecting the OK button. 4. You are prompted on whether or not to validate this configuration. Select "Yes" to test the configuration values you've just entered. If the PCM configuration utility finds any conflicts, it reports them and provides you with an opportunity to change the conflicting value. If there are no conflicting values, the program reports the configuration was successful. Select "No" to bypass the validation and testing process. 5. You are prompted on whether or not to save this configuration. Select "Yes" to save the new values. These parameters take effect immediately. Select "No" to return to the main configuration menu without saving the new values. 2.3.3.4 Option The Option menu lets you select whether or not to enable a message whenever a PCMCIA card is inserted or removed from the computer. Note: PCMWin includes two additional Option menu selections: Run Minimized (allowing PCMWin to come up as a symbol whenever it is selected) and Associations (which lets you automatically launch a particular application when a specific PCMCIA card is inserted, such a MultiExpress data communication software). 3.1 Introduction This chapter tells you how to install, connect, and remove your MultiModemLT. Note: It is easier to tell if you have properly connected your MultiModemLT to your computer and the telephone line if you first install the device drivers (and enable beeps) according to Chapter 2. Note: Do not insert or remove the MultiModemLT PCMCIA card with data communications software in operation (refer to Section 3.4, Removal). Also refer to Section 3.4 for specific PC operating instructions. 3.2 Modem Installation Your MultiModemLT's "hot insertion" feature lets you install the modem without rebooting or cycling power to the computer. Note: Some older laptop PCs do not support hot insertion. Contact your PC's manufacturer if you are having problems with the MultiModemLT's hot insertion feature. Note: Carefully follow the instructions in your PC and modem manuals while installing and using your MultiModemLT to ensure that you safely install and use it in applications for which it was intended. Follow these steps to install your MultiModemLT (see Figure 3-1). Table 3-1 Installing the MultiModemLT 1. Gather this manual, your PC's manual (for reference), your modem, and go to your PC which has at least one 3.5" floppy disk drive and a PCMCIA Type II slot. 2. Follow the instructions in your PC's manual to prepare your PC for MultiModemLT insertion. 3. Unpack the MultiModemLT, saving the packaging and antistatic bag. 4. Align the MultiModemLT with the Multi-Tech logo facing up, and the arrow pointing toward the PCMCIA card modem slot. 5. Slide the MultiModemLT into the PCMCIA card modem slot until the 68-pin connector is seated firmly. Do not force the MultiModemLT. 6. If your PC is turned on, you will hear a multi-toned beep. If you have loaded the PCM Plus software, and you have selected the beeps option in the Super Client Driver (default), you will hear two beeps and, shortly afterward, a multi-toned beep. (Refer to Table 4-3, Beep Result Codes for more beep information.) 7. If you are reinstalling the MultiModemLT after removing it during data communications software operation, check your com port configuration to ensure that the MultiModemLT is set for the correct COM port setting. 8. Connect the modem to the phone line as described in Table 3-2, Connecting Your Modem to the Phone Line. 3.3 Phone Line Connection The MultiModemLT is designed to communicate over public switched telephone network lines. 3.3.1 MT2834LT Connection Connect your MT2834LT to the telephone system with the supplied 9- pin to dual RJ11 CoolJax connector and a 7-foot phone cord (RJ11 plug to RJ11 plug). See Appendix C for more information about cables and connectors. Note: Any cables connected to the computer should be shielded to reduce interference. 3.3.2 MT2834LTI Connection Connect your MT2834LTI to the telephone system with the supplied 8" Line Adapter Module (LAM) and a phone cord. See Appendix C for more information about cables and connectors. Note: Any cables connected to the computer should be shielded to reduce interference. Note: Make sure you are using the appropriate country-specific LAM for your MT2834LTI. 3.3.3 Connecting Your Modem to the Phone Line To connect your MultiModemLT to the phone line, perform the following steps. The MultiModemLT should be installed in the computer (see section 3.2, Modem Installation). If you are installing an MT2834LTI, follow the instructions for the MultiModemLT except where indicated. Table 3-2 Connecting Your Modem to the Phone Line 1. Gather this manual, your PC's manual (for reference), your cables, and go the PC into which you installed your modem. 2.a. For the MT2834LT, align and connect the CoolJax's 9-pin connector to the MT2834LT's 9-pin receptacle. 2.b. For the MT2834LTI, align and connect the LAM's 15-pin connector to the MT2834LTI's 15-pin receptacle. Note: The 15-pin connector from the LAM interface should only be connected to Secondary Extra Low Voltage (SELV) according to EN60950. 3.a. If you are using an MT2834LT, plug one end of the phone cord into either RJ11 jack of the CoolJax connector. You may also choose to plug a telephone into the CoolJax's other RJ11 jack. This allows you to use your telephone any time you are not using your MT2834LT modem without the inconvenience of swapping plugs. 3.b. If you are using an MT2834LTI, plug one end of the phone cord into the LAM's modular jack. 4. Connect the other end of the phone cord to a working wall jack. 5. Turn on the PC's power. 6. Install data communications software (such as the supplied MultiExpress for Windows software), and fax software (such as the supplied MultiExpressFax for Windows software). Refer to the MultiModemLT Quick Reference Guide for installation instructions. 7. To learn about "hot removal" of your MultiModemLT, go to the next section. Otherwise, once all MultiModemLT software is installed and running, proceed to Chapter 4, Manual Dial and Automatic Answer. 3.4 Removal The MultiModemLT provides a "hot removal" feature that lets you remove the modem from the computer without first having to power down the computer. Follow these steps to remove your MultiModemLT from the computer. 1. Exit from your MultiExpress for Windows (or other) data communications software application. 2. Slide the MultiModemLT out of the card modem slot. If you remove and then reinsert the MultiModemLT from the computer with MultiExpress for Windows (or other) data communications software running, the software program needs to reconfigure the COM port setting for your modem to work since it sees the MultiModemLT as a 16550 UART device. If you are using MultiExpress for Windows, enter ALT-G; with other data communications software, exit and reenter the software package to reset the UART. 4.1 Introduction A common application of the MultiModemLT is to dial a remote computer. The MultiModemLT is factory preset to originate a call to another 28,800 bps modem set for V.34 operation, hardware flow control, V.42 error correction, V.42bis data compression, and CTS/RTS operation. If the answering modem is not set up similarly, the MultiModemLT automatically adjusts to the appropriate protocol. 4.2 Keyboard Dialing/On-line/Answering After loading data communications software, such as the supplied MultiExpress for Windows software, perform the following basic steps to originate and answer in data communication mode. 1. Dial. 2. Establish an on-line connection. 3. Terminate the call. Use the keyboard of your computer to easily enter a command, telling the MultiModemLT to dial. If you use one of the more sophisticated communication software packages (e.g., MultiExpress for Windows), the software lets you enter phone numbers and other information. If this is the case, the software gives the dialing commands to the modem. Refer to the MultiModemLT Quick Reference Guide to install MultiExpress for Windows data communications software. If you are giving commands directly to your modem (and not through your communication software), each command must begin with the letters AT (ATtention) characters. AT characters may be entered in upper or lower case. Typing AT automatically sets the modem's speed to match the speed of the computer and also sets the modem's parity. The AT characters alert the modem that a command follows. The AT command can also clear the command buffer, simply by typing AT and hitting ENTER. The MultiModemLT commands and S-Register operations are handled by the data communication software. The letter D in a command causes the modem to dial the numbers immediately following it (e.g., ATD6127853500). You have a choice of either pulse (ATDP) or tone (ATDT) dialing methods. The MultiModemLT responds with CONNECT on your monitor after the number is dialed and a connection signal is detected (since the MultiModemLT defaults to V.34/V.42/V.42bis, the actual response is CONNECT 28800 LAPM COMPRESSED) if the MultiModemLT "connects" with a similar modem (see Section 4.2.3, Result Codes). The modem is now in On-line mode and is ready to communicate with a host site. If no connection signal is detected within the specified time period (adjusted with S-Register S7), the MultiModemLT goes on hook (hangs up) and returns to Command mode. At this point, your monitor displays NO CARRIER. Type ATH to hang up and terminate the modem's On-line mode. At this point your monitor displays OK. In addition to its call originating capabilities, the MultiModemLT can also automatically answer incoming calls. Since you need not be present, you control the situation by configuring the modem to either answer or not, or to answer after a specified number of rings (set with S-Register S0). Refer to Chapter 5 for modem commands, and Chapter 6 for S-Register specifics. 4.2.1 Handshaking This section briefly explains what happens between two modems before transferring data. We are assuming that MultiModemLTs are at both the originating and the answering ends of the telephone line. (If other brands of modems are used with our modems, you may need to accommodate slightly different delay timings and sequences.) When a phone call is made from the originating modem, the called modem responds to the ringing by switching to answer mode and by turning on the Ring Indicator (RI) bit of the modem status register as each ring is detected. (Refer to Appendix E, Programming Reference, for more Modem Status Register information.) Note that for the called modem to answer the incoming call, it must have a high DTR (Data Terminal Ready) signal. This signal comes from the computer to which the modem is inserted, on the DTR bit of the modem control register. (Refer to Appendix E, Programming Reference, for more Modem Control Register information.) When the called modem answers the call, it goes off hook and the ringing stops. About two seconds after the call is answered, the called modem begins transmitting its answerback tone, which includes information about what speeds and other capabilities it has. The originating modem, which has been off hook and waiting for the answerback tone, turns on its transmitter when it hears the tone. Then each modem probes the communication line to find the fastest speed that both modems and the communication line will allow. Once this is established, the CD (Carrier Detect) bit of the Modem Status Register signal turns on. The called modem then responds to the originating modem and handshaking is complete. Both modems turn on their CD signals. Note: If you are using Reliable or Auto-Reliable mode, some additional handshaking takes place. 4.2.2 Call Termination The following are methods by which you terminate a call (hang up): 1. Command Mode Control. To terminate a call by Command mode, type +++ATH then hit ENTER; or send a break signal followed by ATH and hit ENTER. 2. DTR Control. If DTR (Data Terminal Ready) is turned off for 50 milliseconds or more, a disconnect occurs. (For information about DTR dialing, see the $D command in Chapter 5.) This is probably the most common method used by computer systems at the automatic-answer end of the line to cause the answering modem to disconnect after log-off procedures. 3. Loss of Carrier. After a data connection is established, the modem disconnects if a loss of carrier occurs for a specified time period adjusted by S-Register S10 (see Chapter 6). S10 can only be set at speeds of 2400 bps or less. Note that one cause of carrier loss is if one of the modems disconnects normally. 4. Abort Timer. Answer mode: When the modem goes off hook, the called modem starts a timer and waits for a carrier signal from the originating modem. If a carrier is not detected within this period, the modem disconnects (hangs up) and is ready for another call. Originate mode: The abort timer functions the same as in answer mode, except that the timer begins after the modem has completed dialing instead of when it first goes off hook (see S- Register S7 in Chapter 6). 5. Inactivity Timer. Causes the modem to disconnect if no data is transmitted or received for a specified time. The timer is restored any time a character is passed through the serial port in either a send or receive state. This timer runs in both normal and reliable connections and is controlled by S-Register S30 (refer to Chapter 6). The Inactivity Timer is disabled by setting S30 to 0, which is the factory default setting. 4.2.3 Result Codes The MultiModemLT Command mode provides you with several responses, or "Result Codes", that keep you informed about the results of the commands you issue to your modem. These Result Codes are displayed on your monitor. You can choose to have these Result Codes displayed in either a "verbose" (full word) or "terse" (digit) format by typing the ATV0 (terse) or ATV1 (verbose) command. The terse Result Code for CONNECT 28800 is 28. The MultiModemLT defaults to the verbose format. You can also choose Result Codes that closely match those of the standard AT command set, or choose our enhanced-function Result Codes (Multi-Tech responses). Use the &Q command to select the type of Result Codes you prefer. &Q0 selects Multi-Tech responses with Reliable/Compression modifiers, giving you more information. With error correction and data compression enabled, an example of the verbose Multi-Tech Result Code at 28,800 bps is CONNECT 28800 LAPM COMPRESSED. With &Q1 (selecting the standard AT command set responses), the verbose Result Code for 28,800 bps is CONNECT 28800. The following two tables define which Result Codes are generated by the &Q command: Table 4-1 &Q0 Multi-Tech Result Codes TERSE VERBOSE 0 OK 1 CONNECT 2 RING 3 NO CARRIER 4 ERROR 5 * CONNECT 1200 6 NO DIAL TONE 7 BUSY 8 NO ANSWER 9 * CONNECT 2400 11 * CONNECT 4800 12 * CONNECT 9600 13 * CONNECT 14400 19 * CONNECT 19200 21 * CONNECT 21600 24 * CONNECT 24000 26 * CONNECT 26400 28 * CONNECT 28800 * When error correction is enabled, the word RELIABLE (verbose) or the letter R (terse) is added to these responses. When data compression is enabled, the word COMPRESSED (verbose) or the letter C (terse) is added to these responses, along with Reliable modifiers (e.g., CONNECT 28800 LAPM COMPRESSED). Table 4-2 &Q1 Standard AT Result Codes TERSE VERBOSE 0 OK 1 CONNECT 2 RING 3 NO CARRIER 4 ERROR 5 CONNECT 1200 6 NO DIAL TONE 7 BUSY 8 NO ANSWER 10 CONNECT 2400 11 CONNECT 4800 12 CONNECT 9600 13 CONNECT 14400 19 CONNECT 19200 21 CONNECT 21600 24 CONNECT 24000 26 CONNECT 26400 28 CONNECT 28800 No Reliable/Compression modifiers are displayed with these standard AT Result Codes. Table 4-3 documents the MultiModemLT Beep Result Codes. Table 4-3 Beep Result Codes # OF BEEPS DESCRIPTION 1 MultiModemLT removed 2 MultiModemLT inserted, recognized, and configured Multi-toned Automatic Self Test successful Windows note: Hot insertion/removal within Windows may cause intermittent beeping or discontinued beeping. If this is the case, exit and reenter Windows. 5.1 Introduction The MultiModemLT has a microprocessor-based Command mode which recognizes instructions you enter either with your data communications software or from your keyboard. This chapter describes commands you type to access the full set of AT commands for entering phone numbers for automatic dialing without a telephone set, configuring various modem options, and monitoring phone activity. You can also access advanced features such as error correction, data compression, speed conversion, and more. The MultiModemLT AT commands and responses are compatible with all systems and software programmed for automatic, software- controlled auto-dialing using the AT command set. The MultiModemLT has a Help command which provides short, on- screen explanations on the use of the AT commands. The Help command (AT$H) is explained in detail in Section 5.4.12, Immediate Action Commands. 5.2 AT Command Editing The BACKSPACE key on your keyboard edits characters in the AT command line. An AT command is not executed until the ENTER key is pressed. The BACKSPACE key erases the previous character for reentering. (It does not erase the AT characters once they are entered.) If your keyboard has no BACKSPACE key, CTRL-H does the same thing. The character recognized by the modem as BACKSPACE may be changed to any other ASCII character with S-Register S5. To cancel an entire command that is entered but not yet executed, enter CTRL-X. This also clears the command buffer. The effect is the same as backspacing to cancel the entire command, only quicker. Characters entered in a command are stored in the MultiModemLT's command buffer (memory) until executed by hitting ENTER. The command buffer's capacity is sixty characters. The Attention (AT) characters do not count in the sixty allowed command characters. Spaces, used for increased display readability, may be used when entering a command but are not stored in the command buffer and are not counted in the sixty allowed characters. Hyphens, parentheses, etc. are not allowed. If the sixty character limit is exceeded or if invalid characters are entered, the command buffer automatically erases and an ERROR message appears. You then reenter the command within the sixty- character limit, using only the allowed characters. 5.3 Functional Modes The MultiModemLT operates in one of two functional modes (see figure 5-1), Command mode and On-line mode (the exception is an in- between state, "Wait-for-Carrier", where the modem is out of Command mode but not yet on-line.) When the modem is initially powered up, it is in Command mode and accepts and responds to commands from your keyboard or software. The MultiModemLT enters On-line mode after dialing and making a connection with another modem, and then detecting a valid carrier signal. If no carrier signal is detected within a certain timeframe (controlled by S-Register S7), the modem abandons the call and reenters Command mode. Once on-line, the modem exits On-line mode if the carrier signal is lost or intentionally dropped. When this happens, the modem hangs up and reenters Command mode. The MultiModemLT can enter Command mode from On-line mode without losing the carrier signal. Entering certain "escape" characters while on-line brings the modem back to Command mode without terminating the connection. The MultiModemLT can also enter On-line mode without the dialing process by typing the ATD or ATA (the D or A command). 5.4 AT Commands A wide variety of auto-dial operations and modem options are controlled when the MultiModemLT is in Command mode. The more common commands are toggle commands in which a "0" after the command disables the feature and a "1" after the command enables it. Type AT before the command for all commands except A/, A:, and the two escape sequences. These commands are organized into several functional groups. A brief summary of the AT commands follows below. Table 5-1 AT Commands by Function (with reference to section) Dialing (Section 5.4.1) D Dial A: Continuous Redial $D DTR Dialing H Off Hook Dial Modifer (Section 5.4.2) P Pulse Dialing T Tone Dialing &P Set Pulse Dial Ratios R Reverse the Mode of Operation W Wait for New Dial Tone Y Long Space Disconnect , Automatic Pause in Dialing ; Return to Command Mode after Dialing ! Flash On Hook $ "Calling Card" Detect Tones @ Quiet Answer Memorize Phone Number (Section 5.4.3) D...N Store a Phone Number L List Numbers Stored in Memory N Dial a Stored Number NN Number Linking Store Modem Configurations and Defaults (Section 5.4.4) &F Load Factory Defaults &W Store AT Command Settings and S-Register Values Z Reset Modem Configure Command Responses (Section 5.4.5) E Echo Command Mode Characters Q Result Codes and No Response Answer Mode Select &Q Result Codes (Multi-Tech/Standard AT) V Result Codes (Terse/Verbose) X Result Codes (Basic/Extended) and Call Progress Select Condition Phone Lines (Section 5.4.6) #A Automatic Speed Detect B Bell or CCITT Tone #F Fallback when On-line &G Guard Tones M Monitor Phone Line &T Remote Digital Loopback Signal #T Trellis Coded Modulation $T Calling Tones Control RS232C/V.24 Interface (Section 5.4.7) &C Carrier Detect (CD) Control &D Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Control &R Clear to Send (CTS) Control &S Data Set Ready (DSR) Control &RF CTS/RTS Control &SF DSR/CD Control Error Correction (Section 5.4.8) &E0 Normal Mode &E1 Auto-Reliable Mode &E2 Reliable Mode #L0 Negotiate V.42 Mode During Handshake #L1 MNP On/LAPM Off #L2 LAPM On/MNP Off #L3 Direct LAPM/Phase Out Handshake $A Auto-Reliable Buffering $E V.42 Error Correction at 300 bps $F Auto-Reliable Fallback Character $R Retransmit Count Data Flow Regulation (Section 5.4.9) &E3 Flow Control Disabled &E4 Hardware Flow Control &E5 Xon/Xoff Flow Control &E6 Xon/Xoff Flow Control No Pass-Through &E7 Xon/Xoff Flow Control Pass-Through &E8 Enq/Ack Off &E9 Enq/Ack On &E10 Normal Mode Flow Control Off &E11 Normal Mode Flow Control On &E12 Computer-Initiated Pacing Off &E13 Computer-Initiated Pacing On &BS Maximum Block Size #P Parity Select #X Send Single/Multiple Xoff Characters Data Compression (Section 5.4.10) &E14 Data Compression Disabled &E15 Data Compression Enabled Speed Conversion (Section 5.4.11) $BA Baud Adjust $MB Modem Baud Rate Select $SB Serial Port Baud Rate Select Immediate Action (Section 5.4.12) +++AT In-Band Escape Sequence BREAK AT Out-of-Band Escape Sequence A Force Answer Mode %E Select Recognized Escape Sequence $H Help I Inquiry for Product Code L5, L7 List Current Operating Parameters L6 List S-Register Values L8 List On-line Diagnostics O Exit Command Mode and Go Back On-line Read/Assign S-Register Values (Chapter 6) Sr? Read Current S-Register Value Sr= Assign S-Register Value Perform Diagnostic Tests (Chapter 7) U Self-Test Modem &T Remote Digital Loopback Signal Perform Remote Configurations (Chapter 8) #I Set LOGIN Password #S Set SETUP Password 5.4.1 Dialing Commands D Dial The letter D in a command causes the modem to dial the telephone number immediately following it. For example, if you type ATD5551212 and hit ENTER, the MultiModemLT dials the phone number 555-1212. The D command is also used with a telephone set for manual dialing. Dial the desired number on your telephone set; after hearing the answer tone on your handset, type ATD and hit ENTER, then hang up the handset. The number is dialed. We recommend using your keyboard to enter the telephone number in the command string after the D command, unless you have a specific need to use manual dialing. The MultiModemLT supports several dialing methods. With the ATD command, you can specify either pulse (ATDP) or tone (ATDT) dialing. (Refer to the P and T Dial Modifier commands.) You can also modify the dialing command with several characters which are explained in Section 5.4.2. The MultiModemLT lets you select either smart (wait-for-dial-tone) dialing or blind dialing. With smart dialing, the modem waits for and detects dial tones and busy signals. With blind dialing, the modem works with timed pauses (determined by the value of S-Register S6), not dial tone and busy signal detection. Refer to the X command for smart/blind dialing information. Another method of dialing, called DTR dialing, causes the modem to automatically dial a number stored in modem memory. Refer to the $D command for DTR dialing information. A: Continuous Redial (not used with the MT2834LTI) If you select the wait-for-dial-tone method of dialing (see X3 or X4 command), the A: command lets you continuously redial a busy number until your call is answered (a maximum of 10 redials for DOC units). This command is used only after reaching a busy number when executing a normal dial command; type A: (you need not enter AT, nor do you need to hit ENTER), and the modem redials the number. If you again reach a busy signal, the modem continues to redial until it gets through. You can stop the MultiModemLT from redialing by pressing any key. To save a step when redialing a phone number, enter a colon (:) at the end of the phone number. The result is the same as if you entered A:. $D DTR Dialing $D is an alternate way to cause the modem to automatically dial a telephone number. Data Terminal Ready (DTR) is a signal that comes into the modem from the computer to which it is connected via the DTR bit in the Modem Control Register (see Appendix E, Programming Reference). With DTR dialing, the modem automatically dials a stored phone number when it receives a high DTR signal. $D0 disables DTR dialing, and is the factory default. $D1 enables DTR dialing. The modem dials the phone number stored in RAM memory location N0 when it receives a high DTR signal (see the D...N command for information about storing phone numbers). The DTR signal must remain high for the duration of the call, or the connection is dropped. Note: When the &D command is set to zero, the modem cannot DTR dial. H Off Hook You can make the MultiModemLT hang up (go on hook) or go off hook using the H command. H0 (or ATH) hangs up the modem. H1 brings the line off hook, just as if you picked up the telephone headset. It is not necessary to use the H1 command to bring the line off hook when using the D command. The modem automatically goes off hook when you hit ENTER at the end of the dial command. 5.4.2 Dial Modifier Commands You can include Dial Modifier command characters within a dialing command (following the letter D) to select pulse or tone dialing, pauses in the dial sequence, automatic redials if a number is busy, and to revert to Command mode and switch to answer mode after dialing. P or T Pulse or Tone Dial The MultiModemLT dials numbers using either pulse or tone dialing, or a combination of both methods. Pulse dialing, used by rotary-dial telephones, involves the timed opening and closing of line relay. Tone dialing, used by push-button (touch tone) telephones, uses Dual- Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) dialing. P selects pulse dialing. T selects tone dialing. Insert the P or D in the dialing command, right before the digits you wish to have dialed in that manner. For example, you can pulse-dial the number 555-1212 by typing ATDP5551212 and hitting ENTER. You can tone-dial the same number by typing ATDT5551212 and hitting ENTER. If neither pulse nor tone dialing is specified in the dial command, the MultiModemLT uses whatever method was used last. If the modem has been reset or has just powered up, it uses pulse dialing, even if the letter P is not included in your dial command. An example of combining pulse and tone dialing can involve a PBX system that requires a pulse-dialed 9 to reach an outside line. After pausing for a second dial tone, the rest of the number is tone-dialed. This example is dialed by typing ATDP9, T5551212 and hitting ENTER. (The comma causes a pause, which is explained later.) &P Set Pulse Dial Ratios (not used with the MT2834LTI UK version) &P sets the time ratios between the open and closed positions of the pulse-dialing frequencies. &P0 (the factory default) to set a pulse dial of 40 to 60 mSec. &P1 to set a pulse dial of 67 to 33 mSec. R Reverse the Mode of Operation The R command lets you reverse the modem's mode of operation from originate to answer, or from answer to originate. R0 disables mode reversing, and is the factory default setting. R1 enables mode reversing. If you want to reverse from originate mode, use R (with no number) in the dialing string. W Wait for New Dial Tone A W inserted in the dialing command causes the MultiModemLT to wait for another dial tone before resuming dialing. It is not necessary to enter a W at the beginning of the dialing command to wait for a modem dial tone because the modem pauses automatically. For this command to work, select smart dialing (the X2 or X4 command) so your modem detects the dial tone. Y Long Space Disconnect When two modems are connected in Normal mode (i.e. without error correction), there is no "polite" way to request a disconnect. A link disconnect request packet is sent under reliable connections. As a result, some "garbage" may be received when a hang-up command is issued. Y0 disables the modem's use of the break signal, and is the factory default setting. Y1 enables the modem's use of the break signal, which shuts off the modem's receiver and disconnects (both modems must have Y1 enabled). , Automatic Pause in Dialing You can make the MultiModemLT pause while dialing by entering a comma character where the pause is desired. This pause lasts two seconds by default. Longer pauses can be forced by entering multiple commas, or you can change the length of the pause by setting S- Register S8 (refer to Chapter 6). Each comma in a dialing command counts as one of the sixty allowed characters in the command buffer. For the MT2834LTI UK version, the pause caused by a comma lasts four seconds by default. ; Return to Command Mode after Dialing A semicolon, entered as the last character of a dialing command, causes the MultiModemLT to return to Command mode immediately after executing the command instead of waiting for a carrier signal and going on-line. For example, typing ATDT5551212; and hitting ENTER tone-dials the number and immediately goes back into Command mode. This is useful in dialing applications where modem data transfer is not desired, such as voice communications, or in applications using touch tones as a data entry method, such as bank-by-phone. ! Flash On Hook Some switchboard systems react to a momentary on hook. An exclamation mark inserted in the dialing command causes the modem to "flash" on hook for half a second, just as if you held the telephone headset down for half a second. (For the MT2834LTI UK version, an exclamation mark causes the modem to flash on hook for 90 mSec.) For example, to flash on hook after dialing the phone number 555-1234 to transfer to extension #5678, you might type ATDT5551234,!5678. (The comma causes a pause; see Automatic Pause in Dialing, above.) $ "Calling Card" Detect Tones The MultiModemLT can detect AT&T calling card tones to access the user's calling card number for originating an on-line connection. A $ symbol placed in the dialing string causes the modem to pause and wait for an AT&T "calling card" or a 1600 Hz tone (prevalent in the United Kingdom). You would first type the access codes and telephone number, followed by a $ and your calling card number. For example, you might type ATDT1028806127853500$123456789. Once the tone is detected, the rest of the dialing string is processed. If no tones are detected within the time period set by S-Register S7, the modem aborts and indicates a NO CARRIER message. Hitting any key also aborts the $ command. @ Quiet Answer The @ command is used for accessing a system that does not provide a dial tone. The @ command causes the MultiModemLT to wait before processing the next symbol in the dialing string. The wait is one or more rings back followed by five seconds of silence. For example, ATDT5551212@6313550 causes the MultiModemLT to dial the first number (555-1212) and wait for the time specified in S- Register S7 for at least one ring back and five seconds of silence. If a busy signal is detected, the MultiModemLT hangs up and generates a BUSY Result Code. If it does not detect five seconds of silence, a NO ANSWER Result Code is generated after hanging up. If five seconds of silence are detected, the second number (631-3550) is then dialed. 5.4.3 Phone Number Memory Commands D...N Storing a Phone Number The MultiModemLT stores up to ten telephone numbers in memory, each containing up to sixty characters. As many as ten of these numbers may be stored. The memory locations are labeled N0 through N9. You store a command line by typing it as you would any other command, appending the appropriate Nx memory location. For example, the tone-dialed phone number 1-612-631-3550 is stored at memory location N3 by typing ATDT16126313550N3 and hitting ENTER. The number is not dialed with this command. After storing a number, check to see that it has been stored correctly by typing ATL and hitting ENTER. When phone numbers are stored, the entire command line is also stored so that you can effectively create a macro for each number. For example, if you know a particular number needs extended Result Codes, detect busy or dial tone, error correction, Xon/Xoff flow control, pacing, and data compression enabled, the command line is ATX4&E1&E5&E13&E15DT16126313550N3. This stores the entire command at memory location N3. L Listing Phone Numbers Stored in Memory Use the L command to display telephone numbers (or full dialing commands) stored in the MultiModemLT's nonvolatile memory. The number's memory location (N0 through N9, see the D...N command) is shown first, followed by the complete dialing command and telephone number as originally entered. Type ATL and hit ENTER to display the settings for all ten memory locations, as shown below. 0 T14082345678 1 T16125551212; 2 P9,T14089876543 3 T3738315,12101,16126313550 4 T6313551R 5 6 P9,4258513 7 8 X4&E1&E5&E13&E15DT16126313550 9 T12138880123 N Dialing a Stored Number A dialing command including a telephone number that is stored in the MultiModemLT's phone number memory is automatically dialed by typing ATNn, where n=0-9. For example, a dialing command stored at memory location N3 is dialed by typing ATN3 and hitting ENTER. Note: Do not include the letter D in this command or the stored command is erased. NN Number Linking Number Linking establishes an alternate phone number for the MultiModemLT to dial if the first number is busy using the stored phone number memory locations; see the D...N command. This is useful when a computer can be accessed through more than one phone number. To link the number in memory location N1 to the number in N2, type ATN1N2 and hit ENTER. Several numbers can be linked in the same command. For example, to link N1 to N2 to N3 to N4, type ATN1N2N3N4 and hit ENTER. To link N1 to N2, back to N1 and then back to N2, type ATN1N2N1N2 and hit ENTER. The only limitation on the number of strings you can link is the 60 character maximum allowed in a command line. Number linking cannot be used with blind dialing, since busy signals are not detected. 5.4.4 Store Modem Configuration and Default Commands &W Store AT Command Settings and S-Register Values The &W command stores AT command settings and S-Register values in memory, so your settings aren't lost if the MultiModemLT is powered down or is reset with the Z command. &W0 (or AT&W) causes the MultiModemLT to store your customized AT command settings and S-Register values in its nonvolatile Random Access Memory (RAM). &W0 also sets the modem so that it reads your customized settings stored in nonvolatile RAM when powered down or reset. (The &W0 command only changes the settings stored in nonvolatile RAM that you specifically intend to alter. All other default parameters are applicable.) &W1 causes the MultiModemLT not to store your customized settings to nonvolatile RAM so that, after powering down or resetting the modem, it reads the factory default settings stored in ROM. &F Recalling Factory or &W0 Default Parameters The MultiModemLT is shipped from the factory with a pre-configured set of AT command and S-Register default settings. This set of "factory defaults" is recalled by issuing the &F command. In addition to recalling the factory defaults, the &F command can also recall defaults stored under &W0 using the &F9 command. To set your &W0 stored parameters as your defaults, type &F9&W0. To return the &F command to reading the factory defaults, type &F8&W0. Many datacomm programs (including MultiExpress and MultiExpress for Windows) issue the &F command automatically. Note that both &F8 and &F9 commands are used with &W0. Z Reset Modem The Z command resets all configurations to their default values and clears the entire Command mode buffer. The result is the same as if you disconnect and then reconnect power to the modem. When ATZ is typed, the state of the &W command defines the source of the default values: &W0 defaults come from RAM and &W1 defaults come from ROM. Note that the Z command cannot be used in a dialing string; use the &F8 and &F9 commands previously discussed. 5.4.5 Configure Command Response Commands E Echo Command Mode Characters The MultiModemLT may need to echo back characters entered while in Command mode for them to be displayed. The E command is used to configure Command mode echo. E0 disables the echo. E1 enables the echo, and is the factory default setting. Q Result Codes and No Response Answer Mode Select The Q command enables or disables Result Codes and the No Response answer mode of operation. Q0 (or ATQ) enables Result Codes, and is the default setting. Q1 disables Result Codes, for applications such as computer- controlled auto-dialing. Q2 enables No Response answer mode, which leaves originate mode intelligent while turning off answer mode responses and echo. &Q Result Codes (Multi-Tech/Standard AT) The MultiModemLT gives you a choice between the Multi-Tech Result Codes and Result Codes that more closely match the standard AT command set responses. &Q0 selects Multi-Tech responses with Reliable/Compression modifiers. With this command, the verbose Result Code for 28,800 bps is CONNECT 28800 LAPM COMPRESSED. &Q1 selects AT responses with no Reliable/Compression modifiers. With this command, the verbose Result Code for 28,800 bps is CONNECT 28800. V Result Codes (Terse/Verbose) The V command controls whether the MultiModemLT's Result Codes display as word ("verbose") or single digit ("terse") messages. For example, if after dialing no carrier signal is detected, the resulting message displays as either NO CARRIER or as the digit 3. V0 (or ATV) displays the MultiModemLT's Result Codes as digits. V1 displays Result Codes as words, and is the factory default setting. X Result Codes (Basic/Extended) and Call Progress Select The X command selects the format in which the Result Codes are displayed and the level of call-progress monitoring employed. The MultiModemLT provides "basic" and "extended" Result Code sets. The difference between the two is that the basic set provides one response (CONNECT) to indicate a connection, while the extended set provides a different response for different speeds (e.g., CONNECT 28800). You can choose "blind" dialing, or to have the MultiModemLT monitor call progress with "smart" dialing. With blind dialing, the modem waits a fixed amount of time (determined by S-Register S6) after ENTER and begins dialing without checking for a dial tone. With smart dialing, the modem performs a certain level of call-progress monitoring before and/or after dialing. Smart dialing may consist of checking for a dial tone before dialing, or monitoring for a ring back or a busy signal after dialing. The MultiModemLT gives you a choice between the smart and blind dialing. The X command selects the display of Result Codes, as shown below. X0 selects basic Result Codes (e.g., CONNECT) and blind dialing (factory default). X1 selects extended Result Codes (e.g., CONNECT 28800) and blind dialing. X2 selects extended Result Codes and smart dialing. MultiModemLT checks for dial tone before dialing. X3 selects extended Result Codes and smart dialing. MultiModemLT checks for a ring back or a busy signal after dialing. X4 selects extended Result Codes and smart dialing. MultiModemLT checks for dial tone, dials, then checks for a ring back or a busy signal after dialing. 5.4.6 Condition Phone Line Commands #A Automatic Speed Detect The MultiModemLT can operate at any speed between 300 and 28,800 bps. The #A command determines which speeds the MultiModemLT uses for initial handshake and speed selection. Remember, this command does not control the originating data rate of the modem, that is done by the modem baud rate command $MB. This command only determines the answer mode fallback speeds. #A0 (or AT#A) lets the MultiModemLT use its entire range of fallback speeds. It is also the factory default. #A1 restricts the modem to 28,800 bps only. #A2 causes the modem to operate at 28,800 bps, with incremental fallback to 19,200 to 14,400 to 9600 and to 4800 bps. #A3 lets it operate at 2400 bps, with fallback to 1200 to 300 bps. B Bell or CCITT Tone (not used with the MT2834LTI) The B command selects the frequency that the modem uses for its answer tone. (The answer tone is the tone transmitted by a modem receiving a call to the modem that called it, initiating the handshaking between the two modems.) At higher speeds (2400 to 28.8K bps) there is no conflict because high speed modems use ITU-T/CCITT frequencies. At lower speeds (0-1200 bps), in the U.S., some modems use the Bell frequency of 2225 Hz. The CCITT V.22 specification has an answer tone frequency of 2100 Hz. B0 enables CCITT frequencies including V.21 (300 bps) and V.23 (1200/75 bps), and is the factory default setting. B1 enables Bell frequencies including Bell 103 (300 bps). #F Fallback when On-line If line conditions deteriorate, the MultiModemLT automatically drops its transmission speed (called "fallback"). The #F command controls the way the MultiModemLT falls back. #F0 (or AT#F) disables on-line fallback. #F1 enables incremental fallback (based on the error rate or if three retrains occur within a two-minute period) from 28.8K to 26.4K to 24K to 21.6K to 19.2K to 16.8K to 14.4K to 12K to 9.6K to 4.8K bps. #F2 enables incremental fallback from 28.8K to 4.8K, but also enables fall forward in the same increments (from 4.8K to 28.8K bps) if the phone line improves. It is the factory default setting. &G Guard Tones (not used with the MT2834LTI UK version) The &G command controls the presence or absence of guard tones from the transmitter when in answer mode, at either 1200 or 2400 bps. Guard tones are used in Europe and other areas to let the modem function in certain telephone systems; they are not used in the United States. &G0 disables CCITT guard tones (factory default). &G1 enables 550 Hz guard tones. &G2 enables 1800 Hz guard tones. M Phone Line Monitoring via the PC's Speaker The MultiModemLT sends a signal to the PC's speaker that functions like the speaker in a telephone handset, enabling you to monitor modem card and phone line activity. The M command determines when the speaker is operational. M0 disables the signal to the PC's speaker completely. This is the default setting, and should be used in most applications. M1 causes the signal to the PC's speaker to be on only until a carrier signal is detected. M2 causes the signal to the PC's speaker to remain on at all times. M3 causes the signal to the PC's speaker to be on during dialing and off during handshake. Note: The M command also controls the self-test multi-toned beep. M0 disables the self-test beep, while M1-3 enable the self-test beep. (See Chapter 7, Testing Your Modem.) &T Remote Digital Loopback Signal The MultiModemLT has several self-test features (covered in Chapter 7). The tests are activated with different U commands, such as ATU1. The &T command is a phone line conditioning command that enables or disables the modem's ability to recognize the Remote Digital Loopback (RDL) test signal. &T4 enables the MultiModemLT's response to an RDL signal, placing it in digital loop mode. &T5 disables the modem's response to the RDL signal, and is the factory default. #T Trellis Coded Modulation The #T command enables or disables the Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) for the MultiModemLT. There is usually no need to disable (turn off) TCM except under an unusual line condition called impulse noise. #T0 disables TCM. #T1 enables TCM, and is the factory default setting. $T Calling Tones The $T command enables or suppresses calling tones for the MultiModemLT. If enabled, your modem emits a calling tone when originating a call. Your modem sends out a pattern of an 1300 Hz tone for half a second followed by 3 seconds of silence, until it detects an answer tone. After the originating modem detects the answer tone, calling tones emission ends and handshaking begins. For example, an automated voice/data/fax switch hears the calling tones and switches over to the data line; the modem is then able to answer. $T0 enables calling tones. $T1 disables calling tones, and is the factory default setting. 5.4.7 RS232C/V.24 Interface Control Commands &C Carrier Detect (CD) Control The &C command lets you control the status of the Carrier Detect signal (CD bit of the Modem Status Register) on the RS232C/V.24 line (refer to Appendix E, Programming Reference). You have four choices. You can force the signal high, let it act normally, force the modem to reset when CD drops, or set the signal to stay high until the modem disconnects, go low momentarily, and then go high again. The last option is useful with some CBX phone systems and mainframe front ends which require CD to act in this manner. &C0 forces CD on. &C1 lets CD act normally, and is the factory default setting. &C2 sets CD so that it drops for one second on disconnect and then comes up again. (To change the S-Register S24 drop time, see Chapter 6, S-Registers.) &C4 resets the modem to its current parameters when CD drops. &D Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Control Data Terminal Ready, the DTR signal of the RS232C/V.24 interface, is required for the MultiModemLT to operate. A high DTR signal tells the modem that the device to which it is connected is active, or ready to communicate through the modem. DTR has some other MultiModemLT functions. DTR can be used to trigger a dialing sequence, called DTR dialing. &D0 (or AT&D) causes the MultiModemLT to ignore DTR. &D1 causes the modem to go on hook (hang up) with loss of DTR. The modem enters Command mode when DTR goes high again. Auto- answer is disabled while DTR is low. &D2 causes the modem to go on hook with loss of DTR. The modem enters Command mode when DTR goes high again. &D3 causes the modem to reset to its default parameters, just as if you had given the modem an ATZ command. The modem now resets itself whenever DTR is dropped from on to off, and also goes on-hook (hang up) if it is on-line. &R Clear to Send (CTS) Control &R lets you control the Clear to Send signal (CTS bit of the Modem Status Register; see Appendix E, Programming Reference) on the RS232C/V.24 interface. You have three choices. You can force the CTS signal high, let it act normally, or set it to stay high until the modem disconnects, go low momentarily, and then go high again. The last option is useful with some CBX phone systems and mainframe front ends that require CTS to act in this manner. &R0 lets CTS act normally. &R1 forces CTS on, and is the factory default setting. When the modem goes on-line, CTS still provides flow control. &R2 sets CTS so that it drops for one second on disconnect and then comes up again. (To change the S-Register S24 drop time, refer to Chapter 6, S-Registers.) &RF CTS/RTS Interaction Control In typical operation, Clear to Send (CTS) follows Request to Send (RTS) when the modem is on-line. In other words, if RTS goes off, CTS goes off in response. &RF0 lets CTS follow RTS. &RF1 lets CTS operate independently, regardless of the state of RTS. This is the factory default setting. Refer to the &R command for control of the Clear to Send signal. &S Data Set Ready (DSR) Control The &S command lets you control the status of the Data Set Ready signal (DSR bit of the Modem Status Register; see Appendix E, Programming Reference) on the RS232C/V.24 interface. You have three choices. You can force the signal high, allow it to act normally, or set it to stay high until the modem disconnects, go low momentarily, and then go high again. The last option is useful with some CBX phone systems and mainframe front ends, which require DSR to act in this manner. &S0 forces DSR on. &S1 lets DSR act normally, and is the default setting. &S2 sets DSR so that it drops for one second on disconnect and then comes up again. (To change the S-Register S24 drop time, refer to Chapter 6, S-Registers.) &SF DSR/CD Interaction Control In typical applications, Data Set Ready (DSR) follows Carrier Detect (CD). &SF0 lets DSR follow CD, and is the factory default. &SF1 lets DSR operate independent of CD. Refer to the &S command for control of the Data Set Ready signal. 5.4.8 Error Correction Commands You can configure your MultiModemLT in one of three V.42 (error correction) operating modes including Normal, Auto-Reliable, and Reliable modes. &E0 Normal Mode In Normal mode, the MultiModemLT's V.42 error-correction capabilities are disabled, and the modem functions as a normal (non- error correcting) modem. &E1 Auto-Reliable Mode In Auto-Reliable mode, the MultiModemLT automatically determines whether or not the modem with which it is communicating can use V.42 error correction (this negotiation occurs during the modems' handshaking sequence). If V.42 is available on both modems, the MultiModemLT switches itself into Reliable (V.42) mode and its error- correction capability is enabled. If V.42 is not available, the MultiModemLT remains in Normal mode without error correction. The MultiModemLT's default setting is Auto-Reliable mode (&E1). When operating in V.42 Reliable mode, the MultiModemLT uses its memory, or buffer, to store data as it is received. During periods of error-caused retransmissions or compression slowdowns, this buffer may fill up. To prevent buffer overflow and subsequent loss of data, the modem uses "flow control" to signal the computer attached to its RS232C/V.24 port that the modem buffer is almost full. This causes the computer to pause its data transmission until the modem is able to empty its buffer sufficiently to accept more data, at which time the modem signals the computer that it may resume transmission (see data flow regulation, Section 5.4.9). &E2 Reliable Mode In Reliable mode, the MultiModemLT uses its V.42 error-correction capabilities during all transmissions, and must be connected to another modem with a similar protocol enabled (MNP or LAPM). The V.42 standard implements both MNP Class 3 & 4 and LAPM error correction methods. The V.42 Mode Select command (#L) selects the type of error correction (MNP or LAPM) your MultiModemLT uses for transmissions. The various #L command options are as follows. #L0 Negotiate V.42 Mode in Handshake The #L0 command lets a pair of modems negotiate which V.42 mode (MNP or LAPM) to use in their transmissions. Originate mode a. If both modems have LAPM capability, the modems use LAPM mode. b. If one or both modems do not have LAPM capability and both have MNP, the modems use the MNP mode. Answer mode The answering modem responds to either an MNP Link Request or LAPM Originator Detection Pattern (ODP) signal, depending on which the originating modem issues. #L1 MNP On/LAPM Off The #L1 command sets your modem to MNP error correction and disables LAPM. This command is for originate mode only. In answer mode, the modem still accepts MNP or LAPM. #L2 LAPM On/Off The #L2 command sets your modem to LAPM error correction, and disables MNP. This command is for originate mode only. Answer mode still accepts MNP or LAPM. #L3 LAPM Directly/Phase Out Handshaking In the prior commands, the modems use a two-phase process to establish a V.42 connection (detection to establish whether the remote modem is also error correcting, and then protocol establishment to determine parameters and to establish the error correction connection). If you know that the other modem is a V.42 error-correcting modem and wish to use LAPM, the #L3 command disables the detection phase and goes directly to protocol establishment. Both modems must have #L3 in effect. $A Auto-Reliable Buffering In Auto-Reliable mode, the modem has four seconds to establish a Reliable connection. After this four-second period, the modem drops to Normal mode. Any data received during this period is typically discarded. The $A command can cause the modem to buffer (save) data that is received during this Auto-Reliable time-out period. This data is then output by the modem after the CONNECT message. $A0 discards data received during auto-reliable time period, and is the factory default. $A1 buffers data received during auto-reliable time period. $E V.42 Error Correction at 300 bps At 300 bps, error correction is not typically used. $E0 disables error correction at 300 bps, and is the factory default setting. $E1 enables error correction at 300 bps. The modem is in either Normal (&E0), Auto-Reliable (&E1), or Reliable (&E2) mode. $F Auto-Reliable Fallback Character In Auto-Reliable mode, the modem is given four seconds to establish a Reliable connection. If a single ENTER is received from the remote modem during this four-second period, the Auto-Reliable modem assumes that the remote modem is not in Reliable mode and drops to Normal mode. The ENTER is the only character that causes the modem to drop to Normal mode. Any other character is either buffered or discarded. The $F command can be used to disable this fall-back-to-Normal-due- to-ENTER feature. The Auto-Reliable fallback character ($F) and Auto-Reliable buffering ($A) commands can be used together to cause the modem to buffer all data received up until the ENTER and then drop to Normal mode. All data received is then output following the CONNECT message. $F0 restricts the modem from falling back to Normal mode if a ENTER is received. $F1 lets the modem fall back to Normal mode if a ENTER is received. This is the factory default. $R Retransmit Count If errors are received during a Reliable connection, the modem re-sends the block of data which contained an error. The modem counts the number of times that a data block is resent. If the same block of data is resent 12 times and still has not been accurately received, the modem assumes that the line is unsuitable for transmission and aborts the connection. The modem keeps trying to send data and does not abort when the retransmit counter is disabled (by the $R1 command), no matter how many times the same block is resent. $R0 aborts the connection if retransmit count is exceeded. This is the factory default setting. $R1 disables the retransmit counter. 5.4.9 Data Flow Regulation Commands Data flow regulation is used between computer devices to stop and restart the flow of data. It ensures that a device does not receive more data than it can handle. The MultiModemLT regulates data flow in both directions. As illustrated below, regulating the flow of data passing from your computer to the modem is called modem-initiated flow control, commonly referred to as simply "flow control"; whereas regulating the data flow passing from the modem to your computer is called computer- or terminal-initiated pacing, or simply "pacing". The MultiModemLT supports both hardware and software flow regulation, and also a special version used by Hewlett-Packard compatible systems called ENQ/ACK pacing. The MultiModemLT also lets hardware and software pacing pass through the modem to the other end of the link so that your computer or terminal can control data start/stop activity through your modem, called Xon/Xoff pass-through. In review, the modem does flow control to the computer, while the computer does pacing to the modem. &E3 Flow Control Disabled The &E3 command disables all data flow regulated by the modem. If neither the hardware or Xon/Xoff flow control method is selected, the modem defaults to no flow control. &E4 Hardware Flow Control The &E4 command enables the modem's use of the Clear to Send (CTS) output signal of the RS232C/V.24 interface to regulate the flow of data. The CTS signal is brought low to stop the flow of data, and is brought high to restart it. This method of flow control works in conjunction with pacing (i.e., computer-initiated flow regulation), which uses the Request to Send (RTS) input signal. You cannot enable hardware flow control unless an active error- correction protocol is selected. &E5 Xon/Xoff Flow Control Xon/Xoff is the most commonly used method of flow control. Under this method, control characters known as "Xon" and "Xoff" are inserted by the modem into the data to start and stop the flow of data from the computer or terminal to which the modem is attached. Xoff, which is a Control-S, stops the flow of data. Xon, which is a Control-Q, restarts it. Xon/Xoff flow control is not recommended for binary data because an Xoff character could be part of the data, halting data flow. &E6,&E7 Xon/Xoff Pass-Through The local modem responds to the Xon/Xoff characters when Xon/Xoff pacing is active. After responding to these characters, it can either discard them or pass them through the data communications link. &E6 discards the Xon/Xoff characters once the modem responds to them (default setting). &E7 passes the Xon/Xoff characters through the data communications link once the modem responds to them. &E8,&E9 Hewlett-Packard ENQ/ACK Pacing If the MultiModemLT is used with Hewlett Packard (or similar) equipment that employs ENQ/ACK pacing, the modem can be configured to respond to ENQ/ACK commands. This does not affect any other flow control or pacing method already configured in the modem. &E8 disables ENQ/ACK pacing, and is the default setting. &E9 enables ENQ/ACK pacing. The modem accepts and responds to the ENQ (Control-E) and ACK (Control-F) signals from HP equipment according to Hewlett-Packard protocol. &E10,&E11 Normal Mode Flow Control When two modems are connected in Normal mode (not using error correction), Xon/Xoff can control the flow of data between the modems. Flow control is turned on or off with the Normal mode flow control commands. &E10 disables Normal mode flow control, and is the default setting. &E11 enables Normal mode flow control. When the modems are connected in Reliable mode, a different method of flow control is used, and the commands for Normal mode flow control are ignored. To use speed conversion in Normal mode, first activate the modem's Normal mode modem flow control. (Speed conversion is explained in Section 5.4.11.) &E12,&E13 Computer- or Terminal-Initiated Pacing As mentioned earlier, the MultiModemLT initiates flow control by issuing Xon/Xoff commands or toggling the CTS signal on the RS232C/V.24 interface. The modem can also react to similar commands and signals from the computer or terminal to which it is attached via the RS232C/V.24 interface; this is called pacing. Pacing is only enabled when you have some other form of flow control active (i.e., hardware or Xon/Xoff). &E12 lets the modem ignore pacing. &E13 lets the modem respond to the terminal or computer pacing, and is the factory default setting. &BS Maximum Block Size The maximum size of Reliable mode data blocks is controlled with the &BS command. MNP Class 3 sends blocks of 1 to 64 characters. MNP Classes 4 and 5 normally send blocks of 1 to 256 characters. For MNP Classes 4 and 5, reducing the block size to 64 characters may give a smoother flow of data and better throughput on noisy phone lines. However, using smaller block sizes over good phone lines may cause a slight loss in throughput (speed). &BS0 transmits a maximum block size of 64 characters. &BS1 transmits a maximum block size of 256 characters, and is the factory default setting. #P Parity Select The #P command sets parity. Parity is a low-level form of error detection used between asynchronous devices. It detects a single-bit error in any 10-bit or 11-bit transmission. However, if two (or any even number of) errors occur in the same character, they go unnoticed. #P0 selects no parity, and is the factory default setting. #P1 selects odd parity. #P2 selects even parity. #X Send Single/Multiple Xoffs Characters The #X phone interface command sends either single or multiple Xoff characters at the modem's buffer-full level. When the MultiModemLT's buffer reaches its buffer-full level, the next character received causes an Xoff to be sent for every character subsequently received by the MultiModemLT. #X0 causes one Xoff to be sent until the buffer reaches the Xon level. This is the factory default setting. #X1 causes one Xoff to be sent for every character received after the modem reaches its buffer-full level. 5.4.10 Data Compression Commands &E14, &E15 Data Compression Data compression encodes data to take up less storage space. Compressed files transferred over the phone line result in a higher throughput. &E14 disables data compression. &E15 enables data compression. Note: The default setting is &E15, but the modem will not compress data unless the &E1 (Auto-Reliable mode) or &E2 (Reliable mode) command is also issued. The MultiModemLT has a variety of commands controlling its error correction and data compression options, as listed below. (Remember to precede each command with the AT characters.) Table 5-2 Data Compression, Error Correction, Flow Control, Pass-Through, and Pacing Commands Normal/Auto-Reliable/Reliable Mode Commands: &E0 = Normal mode &E1 = Auto-Reliable mode* &E2 = Reliable mode Modem-Initiated Flow Control Commands: &E3 = Disables flow control (no flow control) &E4 = Hardware flow control (CTS on/off and RTS on/off)* &E5 = Xon/Xoff flow control Xon/Xoff Pass-Through Commands: &E6 = Modem responds to Xon/Xoff characters, but does not let Xon/Xoff characters pass through to remote site.* &E7 = Modem responds to Xon/Xoff characters, and lets them pass through to remote site Enq/Ack Pacing Commands: &E8 = Enq/Ack method of pacing off* &E9 = Enq/Ack method of pacing on Normal Mode Modem Flow Control Commands: &E10 = Normal mode modem flow control off* &E11 = Normal mode modem flow control (Xon/Xoff) on Computer- or Terminal-Initiated Flow Control (Pacing) Commands: &E12 = Pacing off &E13 = Pacing on (either RTS on/off or Xon/Xoff depending on the setting of &E4 or &E5)* Data Compression Commands: &E14 = Data Compression disabled &E15 = Data Compression enabled* 5.4.11 Speed Conversion Commands Speed conversion is a necessary part of data compression since data must be presented to the modem faster than it can send it over the phone line. Speed conversion lets the modem communicate at one speed over the phone line and at another over its serial port (via its RS232C/V.24 interface), establishing one speed for data entering the modem and another for the data leaving the modem. In addition to data compression, speed conversion is important because it lets the modem dynamically negotiate a speed with the other modem while keeping the computer-to-modem speed constant. $BA Baud Adjust The $BA command lets the modem dynamically change the serial port speed when the phone line speed changes. When using speed conversion, set the modem so that it does not adjust its serial port speed by disabling baud adjust. Note: Do not be misled by the meaning of disabling baud adjust; it conversely affects speed conversion: Turning baud adjust off turns speed conversion on. Turning baud adjust on turns speed conversion off. $BA0 disables baud adjust. $BA1 enables baud adjust (disables speed conversion). With baud adjust enabled, the speed at which the modem communicates via phone line is always the same as the speed at which it communicates via its serial port (RS232C/V.24 interface). $MB Modem Baud Rate Select The $MB command establishes the speed at which the modem should transmit data over the phone line when originating a call. When the MultiModemLT receives (answers) a call from another modem, it automatically switches its phone line transmission speed to match the calling modem. With baud adjust disabled, this transmission speed can differ from the serial baud rate. To set the modem baud rate, type one of the following commands: AT$MB75 = CCITT V.23 AT$MB300 = 300 bps AT$MB1200 = 1200 bps AT$MB2400 = 2400 bps AT$MB4800 = 4800 bps AT$MB9600 = 9600 bps AT$MB14400 = 14,400 bps AT$MB19200 = 19,200 bps AT$MB28800 = 28,800 bps (factory default setting) When speed conversion is disabled because baud adjust is enabled (via $BA1), the modem baud rate command is ignored. $SB Serial Port Baud Rate Select The $SB command establishes the speed at which the modem should transmit data through the serial port, in both originate and answer modes. With baud adjust disabled, this serial port speed can differ from the modem baud rate. The MultiModemLT accepts AT commands at any speed, regardless of the speed set by the $SB command. If the modem receives a command at a speed different from the speed designated, the modem switches to the speed it detects on the serial port. The value set by the $SB command remains unchanged, so the serial port baud rate takes on that value when the MultiModemLT is powered up or reset. To set the serial port baud rate, type one of the following commands: AT$SB300 = 300 bps AT$SB1200 = 1200 bps AT$SB2400 = 2400 bps AT$SB4800 = 4800 bps AT$SB9600 = 9600 bps AT$SB19200 = 19,200 bps AT$SB38400 = 38,400 bps AT$SB57600 = 57,600 bps AT$SB115200 = 115,200 bps (factory default setting) 5.4.12 Immediate Action Commands +++AT In-Band Escape Sequence AT Out-of-Band Escape Sequence Entering Command Mode while On-line These commands let you enter Command mode and execute a command after the modem goes on-line with a remote modem, without disconnecting the call. Typically the older (in-band) escape sequence is used to escape from On-line mode and hang up, because it lets you append only four characters after the AT. The newer (out-of-band) escape sequence lets you execute a command (of up to sixty characters) and remain on-line; that is, unless the AT is followed by an H to hang up or a Z to reset. The number of command characters allowed after an escape sequence is defined by S-Register S34; see Chapter 6 for S-Registers. See Appendix D, Escape Methods, for more information about these escape sequences. A Force Answer Mode You can force the MultiModemLT into answer mode with the A command. Type ATA while in Command mode to bring your modem off hook, out of Command mode and into on-line answer mode, and cause the modem to transmit its carrier signal over the phone line. If no responding carrier tone is detected by your modem within the specified time determined by S-Register S7, your modem stops transmitting its tone, hangs up, and returns to Command mode. %E Select Recognized Escape Sequence The %E command selects the following options for the escape sequence your modem recognizes, if any. %E0 makes the modem ignore any escape sequence. %E1 selects the +++AT method as the escape sequence recognized (factory default setting). %E2 selects the AT method as the escape sequence recognized. %E3 lets the modem recognize both escape sequences. %E4 disables the modem's OK response to an escape sequence. %E5 enables the modem's OK response to an escape sequence (factory default setting). %E4 and %E5 enable/disable the modem's OK response, as is required by some software packages during an escape sequence. $H Help The $H command briefly explains how to use each MultiModemLT command available when you don't have access to a manual. You can call up any one of the three screens of help information by typing AT$Hn (where n = 1, 2, or 3). $H1 reveals help screen #1 $H2 reveals help screen #2 $H3 reveals help screen #3 I Inquiry for Product Code Some systems or software packages automatically check the identification of the modem with which they are communicating by using the I command. This "read" command lets the software identify the type of modem with which it is communicating. I0 reveals a modem ID number. I1 reveals the firmware version. I2 reveals the product name (e.g., MT2834LT). L5, L7 List Current Operating Parameters The L5 and L7 commands list the current operating parameters of your modem. This information is useful when changing communications software or when changing modem default settings. L5 lists the MultiModemLT's current basic operating parameters. L7 lists additional parameters on the MultiModemLT. L6 List S-Register Values The L6 command lists the current values stored in the modem's S- Register. This information is useful when changing S-Register values. (Refer to Chapter 6 for more information on S-Registers.) L8 List On-line Diagnostics The L8 command lists the current on-line CONNECT status of the MultiModemLT. This display can be printed for use as a modem status report, or as an informational tool about diagnostics when getting technical support. The on-line diagnostics include the link type, line and serial speeds, the type of error correction and data compression used, and so on. The L8 command only works when the MultiModemLT is on-line. To use this command, first type +++AT or AT (to enter command mode while staying on-line), the type ATL8. Your monitor will display on-line diagnostic information about your current on-line call or the last call made. O Exit Command Mode and Go Back On-line Type ATO (where O is the letter O, not the number 0) to undo the effect of an escape sequence, bringing the MultiModemLT out of Command mode and back into On-line mode. The O command brings the modem into the same On-line mode (originate or answer) that it was in prior to entering Command mode. (Refer to Chapter 6 for more information on S-Registers.) 5.5 AT Command Summary V.42 error correction is built into the MultiModemLT's hardware, detecting and correcting virtually 100% of transmission errors (usually caused by noisy phone lines). When errors are detected, the V.42 protocol causes the modem to retransmit the data block in which the error was found. V.42bis and MNP 5 data compression features are built into the MultiModemLT's hardware, providing a higher data throughput than the modem's modulation speed. The throughput increase depends on the type of data transmitted. The MultiModemLT also supports CCITT Group 3/EIA TR-29 Class 2 fax operation. This enables the modem to send and receive text, graphics, and images to and from any Group 3 fax machine. The MultiModemLT is set for one of three different modes of operation, along with activating data compression in Reliable mode. Normal mode (&E0) disables error correction, Reliable mode (&E2) turns it on, and Auto-Reliable mode (&E1) lets the modem automatically turn V.42 on when it detects its use in another modem. Flow control methods are used by the MultiModemLT to prevent data loss from buffer overflow. The modem both initiates flow control and responds to pacing, using either Xon/Xoff commands or RS232C/V.24 signaling via CTS (from the modem) or RTS (from the computer/terminal). Hewlett-Packard ENQ/ACK is also supported. If needed, Xon/Xoff commands are passed through the modem to a remote computer or terminal. The MultiModemLT's speed conversion feature lets the modem operate at one speed over the telephone line and another speed over the RS232C/V.24 serial port. This lets the computer communicate with the modem at a fixed speed of up to 115,200 bps, while the modem operates at various rates of up to 28,800 bps (V.34 enabled). This ability is vital for data compression, since your computer must send data to the modem at a higher speed than the rate at which the modem is sending data over the phone line. 6.1 Introduction This chapter covers MultiModemLT software registers called S- Registers, where certain MultiModemLT and Command mode configurations are stored. Each S-Register is assigned a number (S0, S1, S2, etc.). Values listed are valid for all MultiModemLT models unless otherwise specified. Use the S command to read and/or change the value stored in an S- Register (ATSr? to read and ATSr= to change S-Register values). Refer to Section 6.2, Reading and Assigning S-Register Values. S0 Number of Rings until Modem Answers Unit: 1 ring Range: 0-255 Default: 1 Description: S0 defines the number of rings the modem waits before answering an incoming call. The default value is one ring (Decimal 1), which means that the modem answers the call immediately after the first ring. Setting the value to zero (0) disables auto-answer completely. S1 Rings which have Occurred Unit: 1 ring Range: 0-255 Default: 0 Description: S1 counts the number of rings that have occurred. It is a "read" type of register and is seldom, if ever, used in typical operation. Each time an incoming ring signal is detected, S1 increases its value by one, up to a maximum of 255. If you set S1 to a value other than its default value of zero, or if the value is increasing with rings, this new value remains stored in S1 for eight seconds after the last ring is counted, after which time the value reverts back to zero. S2 Escape Code Character Unit: ASCII Range: 0-127 Default: 43 (+ sign) Description: S2 defines the escape code character. The default character is the plus (+) sign (Decimal 43). It may be set for any ASCII character. Setting an S2 value greater than 127 results in no escape character, and therefore no means of entering Command mode from On-line mode without breaking the on-line connection. S3 Return Character Unit: ASCII Range: 0-127 Default: 13 Description: S3 defines the character recognized as Carriage Return (ENTER) or Return. The default setting is CTRL-M (Decimal 13), which is the ASCII code for the ENTER key on most keyboards. S3 may be set for any ASCII character. S4 Line Feed Character Unit: ASCII Range: 0-127 Default: 10 Description: S4 defines the character recognized as Line Feed. The default setting is CTRL-J (Decimal 10), which is the ASCII code for the Line Feed key on most keyboards. S3 may be set for any ASCII character. S5 Backspace Character Unit: ASCII Range: 0-127 Default: 8 Description: S5 defines the character recognized as BACKSPACE. The default setting is CTRL-H (Decimal 8), which is the BACKSPACE key on most keyboards. S5 may be set for any ASCII character. S6 Wait Time for Dial Tone Unit: 1 sec. Range: 2-255, 4-255**, 4-7*** Default: 2, 4** Description: S6 sets the time the modem waits after the ENTER key is pressed before executing a dial command. The default setting is two seconds (Decimal 2) or four** seconds. S7 Time for Carrier (Abort Timer) Unit: 1 sec. Range: 1-255, 1-55* Default: 55 Description: S7 defines the Abort Timer (lack of carrier) delay time. The default value is 55 seconds (Decimal 55). This means that, after dialing, the modem waits for a carrier signal for up to 55 seconds and, if none is detected, aborts the call. The maximum S7 value is 255 (or 55*) seconds. S8 Pause Time for Comma Unit: 1 sec. Range: 0-255, 4-255**, 4-7*** Default: 2, 4** Description: S8 sets the length of the pause caused by a comma inserted in a dialing command. The default setting is two seconds, (or two units Decimal 2) or four** seconds, where each unit is one second. S8 may be set for up to 255 seconds. S8 also sets the time the modem waits before retrying a call after detecting a busy signal. Some computer systems need more than two seconds to reset (in which case you should increase the value of S8). S9 Carrier Detect Response Time Unit: 100 mSec. Range: 1-255 Default: 6 Description: S9 sets the time delay between when the modem first detects a valid incoming carrier signal and when the modem turns on its Carrier Detect circuit. The default setting is 600 milliseconds, or six units of 100 mSec each (Decimal 6). S9 may be set for up to 25.5 seconds. S10 Carrier Loss Disconnect Delay Time Unit: 100 mSec. Range: 0-255 Default: 7 Description: S10 sets the time a carrier signal must be lost before the modem disconnects. S10 can only be set for speeds of 2400 bps or less. The default setting is 700 mSec, or seven units (Decimal 7) of 100 mSec. Maximum delay is 25.4 seconds (Decimal 254). Setting the S10 value to 255 causes the modem to not disconnect with loss of carrier. S11 Tone Dialing: Tone Spacing and Duration Unit: 1 mSec. Range: 1-255, 80-255* Default: 70, 80* Description: S11 sets the speed of tone dialing (spacing and tone duration times). The default value is 70 units (Decimal 70) or 80* units, where each unit is one mSec, meaning that each tone is on for 70 mSec with a 70 mSec pause between each. The minimum S11 value allowed by most telephone systems is 50 mSec (50 units). Very few telephone systems can handle anything faster than that. The maximum S11 value is 255 mSec (255 units). S13 Remote Configuration Escape Character Unit: ASCII Range: 0-127 Default: 37 (% sign) Description: S13 defines the remote configuration escape character (which becomes your modem's remote configuration character). The default is three percent symbols (%%%). When the S13 character is entered three consecutive times from a remotely connected site, your modem responds with its Remote Configuration procedure. S17 Changing Break Time Unit: 10 mSec. Range: 0-2500 Default: 250 Description: S17 defines the break time (space) to the PC. Break duration is adjustable. The break time is changed in 10 mSec increments by increasing or decreasing the value of S17. S24 PBX/CBX Disconnect Drop Time for DSR/CTS/CD Unit: 50 mSec. Range: 0-255 Default: 20 Description: Some PBX and CBX phone systems require the modem's DSR, CTS, and/or CD signals to behave in a certain manner when calls are disconnected. The MultiModemLT's &R, &S, and &C commands cause the modem to drop these signals for a specified time period upon disconnect, and then bring the signal(s) up again. S24 defines the length of time that the signals drop. The default setting of 20 results in a one second drop time, which is what most PBX/CBX systems with this requirement need. S25 DTR Dropout Time Unit: 100 mSec. Range: 0, 1 through 255 Default: 0 Description: S25 defines the amount of time that DTR must be dropped before the modem disconnects. Normally, a disconnect occurs when DTR is dropped for 50 milliseconds or more. The S25 unit value for zero is the default value of 50 mSec. For values from 1 through 255, the unit value is 100 mSec. S30 Inactivity Timer Unit: 1 min. Range: 0-255 Default: 0 Description: S30 causes the modem to disconnect if no data is transmitted or received for a specified time. This timer runs during both Reliable and Normal connections. The timer restarts any time a data character is passed through the serial port (either sent or received). If noise on the phone line causes an error to be received during Normal mode, this also restarts the timer. The inactivity timer is disabled by setting S30 to 0, which is the factory default setting. S32 Time Elapse for Escape Sequence Unit: 1 sec. Range: 0-255 Default: 20 Description: S32 sets the time period to validate the escape sequence. If the time interval expires before the escape sequence is employed (by hitting ENTER), the escape sequence is aborted. The default is 20 units (one second). S34 Buffer Length of Command Mode after On-line Escape Sequence Unit: ASCII Range: 0-60 Default: 10 Description: If the number of characters after AT exceeds the S34 buffer length value, the buffer is cleared and the escape sequence is aborted. S35 Low Power Mode Select Unit: ASCII Range: 0, 2 Default: 2 Description: S35 controls power management for the MultiModemLT. This power management feature is independent of any PC-based power management. It is not necessary to change the default setting of this S-Register. When S35 is set to 2, the MultiModemLT consumes the minimum amount of power in idle mode. When S35 is set to 0, the MultiModemLT has no power management. The amount of power consumed while idling is about the same as when the MultiModemLT is on-line. This setting is not recommended because the modem tends to drain your PC's battery. 6.2 Reading and Assigning S-Register Values The S command reads and assigns S-Register values. To read an S- Register value, type the letter S followed by the S-register number and a question mark (?), then hit ENTER. For example, typing ATS7? and hitting ENTER displays the value of S-Register S7 in a 3-digit decimal form. The number 8 appears as 008, the number 30 appears as 030, and the number 255 appears as 255. To assign a value to an S-Register, enter the letter S followed by the S- Register number and an equals sign (=), and then a decimal response to the message ENTER THE NEW VALUE IN DECIMAL FORMAT. Convert all ASCII characters to their decimal equivalents before entering them. S-Register decimal values range from 0-127 for ASCII characters, or 0-255 for numeric values. A complete ASCII conversion chart is located in Appendix A of this manual. 6.2.1 Examples of Assigning Values 1. Let's say you wish to have longer pauses caused by the comma in a dial command; five seconds instead of two. Typing ATS8=5 assigns 5 as the value for S-Register S8 (meaning the modem pauses five seconds for a comma in a dial command). 2. In a second example, let's say that you wish to configure the MultiModemLT to answer incoming calls after the 30th ring instead of after the first ring. To configure S-Register S0 with a value of 30, type ATS0=30 and hit ENTER. 6.2.2 Examples of Reading Values To verify that you entered the value correctly in the above examples, type ATS8? and hit ENTER in the first example and ATS0? in the second example. You should receive the response 005 in the first example and 030 in the second example. When configuring the S-Registers, it is a good practice to include the verification read-entry in the same command line as the configuration assignment-entry. In the preceding examples, type ATS8=5S8? and ATS0=30S3?. 6.3 AT Command and S-Register Summary Your MultiModemLT's default configuration is originating a call to another 28,800 bps modem that supports error correction, data compression, and flow control ("maximum throughput"). If the receiving modem is not compatible, the MultiModemLT can match any CCITT or Bell standard modem (but not proprietary protocols). You may, however, have applications where you do not want this kind of maximum throughput (e.g., service not supporting error correction, or the V.42 handshake interferes with logon sequence). If so, configure the MultiModemLT as strictly an auto-answering device. The &W command, used in conjunction with specific other AT commands and S-Registers, reconfigures the MultiModemLT to conform to a specific application. An example of the &W command: AT&E2$SP1#L3$R0$MB28800$SB115200$EB1S0=10&W0 The MultiModemLT stores its configuration parameters and S-Register values in its nonvolatile memory. The &W0 command stores current parameters and values in its nonvolatile RAM. This command also sets the modem so that on power up, or when reset with an ATZ command, the modem reads all its configuration and S-Register parameters from RAM, and not from the factory settings in ROM. The &W command changes the configuration parameters stored in RAM that you specifically intend to alter. All other default parameters remain unchanged. The &W1 command sets the modem so that it does not store parameters to RAM and, on power up or when an ATZ command is entered, parameters are read from the factory default settings in ROM. Before using the &W command, view the modem's current operating parameters. Use the L5, L6, and L7 commands to display the current modem configuration. 7.1 Introduction Each time you power up your computer or insert the MultiModemLT, it performs an automatic self test to ensure proper operation. The MultiModemLT also has three diagnostic test features: Local Analog Loopback, Digital Loopback (local/manual), and Digital Loopback (remote/automatic). A loopback test involves entering data from your PC and looping that data through the circuits of your modem and/or a remote modem. When the loop is complete, the original data entered should match the data received back which displays on your PCs monitor after the test. The Local Analog Loopback test lets you verify that the modem's transmitter and receiver circuits are functioning properly. The Digital Loopback test (local/manual) lets you verify that the remote computer , remote modem, serial ports, telephone line, and local modem are functioning properly. The Digital Loopback test (remote/automatic) lets you verify that the local computer , the two modems, and the transmission line between them are functioning properly. Upon completion of testing, enter either escape sequence: +++AT or AT. Note: All loopback tests operate at all speeds except 300 bps. 7.2 Automatic Self Test Each time you power-up the computer or insert the MultiModemLT, the modem performs an automatic self-test to insure proper operation. At the successful end of the test, you hear a multi-toned beep. If you do not hear a multi-toned beep, it may be because your PCMCIA slot does not support speaker input or that M0 is stored to nonvolatile memory. (See the M command in Condition Phone Line Commands, Chapter 5.) If you are not hearing beeps, you may want to verify that your card is working by using PCM or PCMWin (see Configuration Utilities for DOS and Windows in Chapter 2, Software Installation). 7.3 Local Analog Loopback Test/V.54 Loop 3 In this test, data from your computer is sent to your modem's transmitter, converted into analog form, looped back to the receiver, converted into digital form, and then received back at your monitor for verification. No connection to the phone line is required. The test procedure is as follows: 1. Connect the modem to your computer. With your communication software, set the desired baud rate. 2. Type ATU0 (or ATU) and hit ENTER. This places your modem in Analog Loopback mode, in originate mode. The modem is now out of Command mode and in a pseudo On-line mode. 3. Once you receive a connect message (if responses are enabled), enter data from your keyboard. For this test, typing multiple upper case "U" characters is a good way to send an alternating test pattern of ones and zeros. 4. For a more complete test, you should also test the modem in answer mode. To do this, you must "escape" from originate mode by entering an Escape Sequence (+++AT or AT). Then type ATU1 and hit ENTER to place the modem in Analog Loopback mode, in answer mode. Then repeat step 3. 5. When testing is completed, you may exit answer mode by entering an Escape Sequence (+++AT or AT), returning the modem to Command mode. 6. Your modem passes this test if the data entered from your keyboard is the same as the data received which displays on your monitor. If different data appears on your monitor, your modem is probably causing the problem (although it could also be your computer). If your modem passes this test but you are receiving errors while on-line, the remote modem or the phone line is probably at fault. 7.4 Digital Loopback Test/V.54 Loop 2 (Local/Manual) In this test, your modem must be on-line with another modem that can respond to a request for Digital Loopback, such as another MultiModemLT. The Digital Loopback test is an on-line test that loops data sent from one modem across the phone line to another modem, then back to the first modem. There are two ways to put a modem into Digital Loopback mode. 1. Locally or Manually, described in this section. 2. Remotely or Automatically (see Section 7.5). Note: The Digital Loopback tests can only be used with the modem in Normal mode (error correction off). In this test the local modem is placed in Digital Loopback mode. Data is entered and transmitted from the remote modem (which is not in Digital Loopback mode), sent across the phone line to the local modem, and looped back to the remote modem. The test procedure is as follows: 1. Go into Terminal mode. Type AT and hit ENTER; you should get an OK message. 2. Dial the remote modem by entering the Dial command and the phone number, establishing On-line mode. 3. Type the Escape Sequence (+++AT or AT), bringing your modem into Command mode while still maintaining the pseudo On-line mode with the remote modem. 4. Type ATU3 from the local PC and hit ENTER. Once you receive an OK message from your modem (if responses are enabled), the local modem is placed in Digital Loopback mode. 5. Data is typed from the remote keyboard. For this test, typing multiple upper case "U" characters is a good way to send an alternating test pattern of ones and zeros. The data received by the local modem enters its analog receiver, converts to digital data, reconverts into analog, and then loops through its transmitter back to the remote modem. Your modem passes this test if the data entered from the remote keyboard is the same as the data received which displays on the remote monitor. 6. When testing is complete, you may end the test by typing an Escape Sequence (+++AT or AT), bringing your modem into Command mode. The modem should respond with an OK message. To stay on-line with the remote modem for normal data transmission, type AT0 and hit ENTER. To terminate the call, type ATH and hit ENTER to hang up. 7.5 Digital Loopback Test/V.54 Loop 2 (Remote/Automatic) In this test, your modem must be on-line with another modem set up to respond to a request for Digital Loopback, such as another MultiModemLT. With the MultiModemLT, this ability to respond is controlled by the &T command. &T4 enables the response to Digital Loopback test (remote/automatic). &T5 disables the response. The modem defaults to disable on power up, so this must be changed on the remote modem before the modem responds to a request for the Digital Loopback test (remote/automatic). Initiate the Digital Loopback test (remote/automatic) with the ATU2 command which automatically places the remote modem in Digital Loopback mode. Data from your computer is transmitted through your modem and over the phone line to the remote modem, where it is then looped back to your modem. The test procedure is as follows: 1. Go into Terminal mode. Type AT and hit ENTER; you should get an OK message. 2. Dial the remote modem by entering the Dial command and the phone number, establishing On-line mode. Note: The &T4 command must be set on the remote modem to run this test. 3. Type the Escape Sequence (+++AT or AT), bringing your modem into Command mode while still maintaining the connection with the remote modem. 4. Type ATU2 and hit ENTER. The local modem responds to this command by transmitting an unscrambled marking signal, which causes the remote modem to place itself in Digital Loopback mode. Then the local modem exits Command mode and enters a pseudo On- line mode. 5. Type data from your keyboard. For this test, typing multiple upper case "U" characters is a good way to send an alternating test pattern of ones and zeros. The data received by the remote modem enters its analog receiver, converts to digital data, reconverts into analog, and then loops through its transmitter back to the local modem. Your modem passes this test if the data entered from the local keyboard is the same as the data received which displays on your monitor. 8.1 Introduction This chapter describes how the MultiModemLT Remote Configuration feature operates. This feature uses a multilevel security system that involves the use of LOGIN passwords, SETUP passwords, and remote escape characters. The primary level security code is the modem's LOGIN password. Once this password is entered, other passwords can be used. For instance, entering the LOGIN password lets you enter the SETUP password. The remote escape character is the key to using the Remote Configuration feature. The remote escape character lets you enter Command mode via a remote call, so that you can enter AT commands just as if you were locally connected. You must also enter your modem's SETUP password. The remote escape character is contained in S-Register S13. 8.2 Remote Configuration Description The Remote Configuration feature is a network management tool that lets you configure modems remotely. This means you can configure modems anywhere in your network from one location, without having to visit the sites or rely on remote users to follow your instructions. With Remote Configuration, which is protected by two-level security, you can downline load new parameters, program new V.42 capabilities, and implement new features. Remote Configuration also makes troubleshooting remote locations a lot easier. S-Register S13 contains the special remote configuration escape code. When calling a Remote Configuration equipped modem, you enter the proper remote escape code and SETUP password. After entering both correctly, you can then execute AT commands as if you were connected locally. If you set S-Register S13 to zero, Remote Configuration is disabled. 8.3 Initial SETUP Procedures for Remote Configuration Your modem is shipped with default LOGIN and SETUP passwords (LOGIN=MULTI-TECH and SETUP=MODEMSETUP) so you can configure the modem. Because the defaults are in the owner's manual, anyone can find out what they are. You should change the codes as the first step of your initialization procedure. To change your modem's LOGIN and SETUP passwords, follow the steps below. Note: Passwords are upper/lower case sensitive. The case you enter here is the case that must be used at log-in. Table 8-1 Modem LOGIN, SETUP, and Remote Escape Codes 1. Type AT#IMULTI-TECH and hit Return. Your modem responds with: OK (if the LOGIN password is wrong, the modem's response is ERROR) 2. Type AT#SMODEMSETUP and hit Return. Your modem responds with the following: OK (or ERROR if the wrong SETUP password is entered) Note: At this point you can change the LOGIN password and SETUP passwords. 3. Type AT#I=xxxxxxxxxx (with any keyboard characters used: minimum = 6, maximum = 10) and hit Return. Your modem responds with: OK 4. Type AT#S=yyyyyyyyyy (with keyboard characters used: minimum = 6, maximum = 10) and hit Return. Your modem responds with: OK To change the status of your Remote Configuration feature: 5. To disable Remote Configuration, set S-Register S13 to 0 (zero). See Chapter 6 for details on how to set S-Register values. 6. To enable Remote Configuration and change the remote escape character, type in a new S-Register S13 value. 8.4 Remote Configuration AT Commands The following AT commands are used with the Remote Configuration feature. #I Modem LOGIN Password The #I command lets you select a unique LOGIN password for your modem. Once you have selected a LOGIN password for your modem, it only responds to that code. Your modem is shipped with MULTI- TECH as its default password so that you can gain access to the command initially. See Table 8-1 for instructions on changing the LOGIN password. #S Modem SETUP Password The #S command lets you select a unique SETUP password for your modem. Once you have selected a SETUP password for your modem, it only responds to that code. Your modem is shipped with MODEMSETUP as its default password, so that you can gain access to the command initially. See Table 8-1 for instructions on changing the LOGIN password. 8.5 Remote Configuration S-Register S-Register S13 is used with Remote Configuration. It defines the MultiModemLT remote configuration escape character. When the S13 character is entered three consecutive times from a remotely connected site, your modem responds to it with its Remote Configuration procedure. The default remote configuration escape character is the "%" sign. See Chapter 6 for more information about this S-Register. 8.6 Remote Configuration Procedures The following table explains how to use the Remote Configuration feature; they are the same whether or not a call originates from the remote modem. Table 8-2 Remote Configuration Operation 1. Enter a break signal, then type the S13 remote configuation escape character three times (the default S13 value is the "%" sign). The modem responds with: 1. - DATA Mode 2. - COMMAND Mode 2. Select 1 or 2. With option 1, the modem goes back into Data mode and with option 2, the modem responds with Password>. 3. Enter your SETUP password and, if the code is correct, the modem responds with OK. You can now use any AT commands remotely as if they were entered locally. You cannot change the LOGIN password until you enter the proper LOGIN password. 4. When you are done entering AT commands and you wish to exit, type AT0 and hit return. The modem responds with: 1. DATA Mode 2. COMMAND Mode 5. Enter a 1 to go back on-line with your computer, or enter 2 and the correct password to talk to your modem. Appendix B: Dial Pulse and Tone Dial Frequencies (not used with the MT2834LTI UK version) B Closed A Open Digit 2 Digit 1 In the example above, the digit 2 is pulse dialed, followed by the digit 1. Each pulse consists of an A mSec open and a B mSec close, where A is either 60 or 67 mSec and B is either 40 or 33 mSec for a total of 100 mSec per pulse, or a rate of 10 pulses per second. The interdigital pause time is 800 mSec. The pulse ratios are controlled by the &P command. Hz Digits 697 1 2 3 770 4 5 6 852 7 8 9 941 * 0 # Hz 1209 1336 1477 The tone-dialing method, referred to as Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) dialing, combines two frequencies for each of the twelve digits found on a Touch Tone dial pad. The four horizontal rows on a Touch-Tone pad use the four low frequencies (697, 770, 852, 941 Hz), while the three vertical columns use the three high frequencies (1209, 1336, 1477 Hz). The generally accepted tone frequency tolerance is +0.02%. For example, the digit 4 is dialed by combining two tone frequencies. It uses the frequency 770 Hz from the second row, and the frequency 1209 Hz from the first column. In another example, the digit 9 is dialed with the tone frequencies of 852 Hz and 1477 Hz. The extended DTMF characters (A, B, C, D) are the high-end frequencies (1633 Hz) defined on some telephone sets with a fourth vertical column of buttons. This fourth column provides for extended PBX control functions; the actual functions provided are dependent on the PBX manaufacturer's implementation and feature set. Hz Digits 697 1 2 3 A 770 4 5 6 B 852 7 8 9 C 941 * 0 # D Hz 1209 1336 1477 1633 Appendix D: Escape Methods An escape method lets you issue AT commands to your modem while on-line with a remote modem without disconnecting the call. You may return on-line afterward; however, most users escape to hang up the modem. Our modems offer two escape methods: in-band and out-of-band. Both incorporate Time Independent Escape Sequence (TIES) methodology. An escape sequence is a pattern, or sequence, that the modem recognizes as a signal to shift from On-line mode to Command mode. "Time independent" means that the modem recognizes the escape sequence without a prefixed and/or suffixed delay. The modem recognizes the in-band escape sequence as a pattern sent to it as part of the data stream or band (hence its name). Our in-band escape sequence is +++AT. The out-of-band escape sequence is a pattern that cannot and does not occur in the data stream. Our out-of-band escape method is AT. A break signal cannot be sent as part of a data file; instead, the command is sent directly to the UART from the keyboard. Break is defined as the transmission of binary 0 for either a minimum of 10 bits or a minimum interval of 135 milliseconds as established in the CCITT X.28 standard. Routines in high level languages and keys have been established on most computers that send break for fixed intervals, but you may control the break's duration by referring to your UART's specifications. D.1 Selecting an Escape Method To escape and wait for a command before returning to On-line mode, use +++AT. This escape sequence is helpful when you need to review a help screen in the midst of a communications session. To combine the escape with command(s) and immediately return to On- line mode, use the AT method. The modem also waits before returning on-line with this method. Select one of the following escape methods that your modem recognizes with the %E command. %E0 makes the modem ignore any escape sequence. %E1 selects the +++AT method as the escape sequence recognized (factory default setting). %E2 selects the AT method as the escape sequence recognized. %E3 lets the modem recognize both escape sequences. %E4 disables the modem's OK response to an escape sequence. %E5 enables the modem's OK response to an escape sequence (factory default setting). D.1.1 In-Band Escape Method: +++AT The following is an example of using the in-band escape method to set S-Register S0 to 1 while on-line. 1. Type +++AT. The modem transmits the +++, buffers the AT, and starts the "Wait for timer". Upon receiving the signal, the modem escapes to Command mode and responds with "OK". 2. Type ATS0=1. The modem buffers ATS0=1, identifies it as a valid command, then escapes to Command mode to execute the command. S-Register S0 is set to 1. 3. Type ATO to return to On-line mode. D.1.2 Out-of-Band Escape Method: AT The following is an example of using the out-of-band escape method toset S-Register S0 to 1 while on-line. 1. Type AT. The modem buffers the signal, and starts the S32 "Wait for timer". 2. Type ATS0=1. The modem buffers ATS0=1, identifies it as a valid command, then escapes to Command mode to execute the command. S-Register S0 is set to 1, and the modem returns to On-line mode. D.2 S-Registers and Escape Sequences Two S-Registers settings can modify your escape sequences' functions. The first, S-Register S32, establishes the amount of time that elapses between receiving the beginning of either escape sequence and the signal. This time interval is known as "Wait for timer", or break pass-through. With the +++AT method, the timer begins when the "A" in +++AT is received by the modem. With the AT method, the timer begins when the modem receives the break signal. Use S-Register S34 with the in-band escape sequence to allow the maximum number of characters your modem can buffer following an "AT" signal before the signal. (Do not confuse this buffer size with the Command mode buffer, which has a maximum of 60 characters.) S-Register S34 does not affect the out-of-band escape sequence's buffer length, which is fixed at 60 characters. D.3 Aborting an Escape Sequence The +++AT escape aborts if you do not issue a before the "Wait for timer" interval expires. The AT method also aborts if you do not issue a before the "Wait for timer" interval expires, and also if any of the following occurs: * an illegal sequence is detected, including: a character other than "A" following the , a character other than "T" following the A, or two breaks received in succession, or * the command buffer overflows before a signal occurs. Appendix E: Programming Reference This appendix contains technical reference information for programmers and systems engineers writing their own communications software to control the MultiModemLT. It is not necessary to read or understand the content of this appendix if you are not writing your own software. The MultiModemLT includes an on-board serial communications COM port which can be configured as either COM1, COM2, COM3, or COM4. You can also use the extended addressing feature as a COM port with user-configured base address (100 hex to 3F8 hex) and IRQ (2, 3, 4, 5, or 7). The on-board serial communications port is functionally equivalent to the IBM Asynchronous Communications Adapter. This port includes a 16550 UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter). The registers associated with the UART are detailed in this appendix, as well as an additional Modem Data Rate Indicator Register. These registers are defined with respect to the MultiModemLT. E.1 Data Communications Device Address The MultiModemLT may be assigned to either COM1, COM2, COM3, or COM4, or when using the extended addressing feature, as a COM port with a base address and IRQ that you assign. Only one device in the system may be assigned one of these designations. Select the MultiModemLT's COM port by rerunning the PCM Plus software's"PCMSetup" or by changing the number x in the /COM=x argument located in the PCMSCD command line of your CONFIG.SYS. COM Port I/O Addresses Interrupt COM1: 3F8 to 3FF IRQ4 COM2: 2F8 to 2FF IRQ3 COM3: 3E8 to 3EF IRQ4 COM4: 2E8 to 2EF IRQ3 For example, COM1 occupies hex I/O addresses 3F8 to 3FF; it generates an interrupt signal to the computer on Interrupt Request line IRQ4. E.2 UART Registers This section describes and details each UART register. The description for each register includes the register name and abbreviation, its base address, and one of the following designations: R/W (Read/Write), R/O (Read Only), or W/O (Write Only). The register addresses are given for the COM1 selection. If you select another COM port, or use the extended addressing feature to select a base address and IRQ different than COM1, use the following procedure to identify the new address of the register. Example: When COM1 is selected, the base address is 3F8 hex and the Line Control Register is at 3FB hex. If you select COM2, by either reinstalling the PCM Plus software or by changing the number x in the /COM=x argument located in your CONFIG.SYS file's PCMSCD command line, the base address becomes 2F8 hex and the Line Control Register address is at 2FB hex. Or, if you use the extended addressing feature to select a base address (for example, 200 hex), the address of the Line Control Register is 203 hex. Note: The address of the register remains the same incremental distance above the base address (3 hex). Therefore, by examining the difference between the COM1 base address and the COM1 address of the desired register, you can easily determine the register's address for any base address. Note: The MultiModemLT enables high speed data rates (115.2K bps) with a 16-byte First In First Out (FIFO). The MultiModemLT provides the standard 16550-compatible interface. E.2.1 Line Control Register (LCR) 3FB R/W Specifies character format and controls access to other registers. Table E-1 Line Control Register BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 0 Word Length Select Sets bit length for each character. Bit 0 (WLS0) See table above. 1 Word Length Select Sets bit length for each character. Bit 1 (WLS1) Bit 1 Bit 2 Word Length 0 0 5 bits 0 1 6 bits 1 0 7 bits 1 1 8 bits 2 Number of Stop Bits 1 2 stop bits per character (STB) (1.5 for 5 bit words). 0 1 stop bit per character 3 Parity Enable (PEN) 1 Enables parity generation or checking. 0 Disables parity generation or checking. 4 Parity Select (EPS) 1 Even Parity (bit 3 must be 1). 0 Odd Parity (bit 3 must be 1). 5 Stick Parity 1 If Stick Parity is set when bit 4 is a logical 0, parity bit is always a 1; when bit 4 is a logical 1, parity bit is always a 0. 0 Parity bit is unaffected. 6 Set Break 1 Causes the modem to transmit a continuous break signal (all binary zeros). 0 Stops the break signal. 7 Divisor Latch 1 Enables access to the Divisor Address Bit Latches of the Baud Rate (DLAB) Generator during a read or write operation. 0 Enables access to the Receiver Buffer, Transmitter Holding Register, and Interrupt Enable Register. E.2.2 Divisor Latch (DLL) 3F8 R/W (least significant byte) Contains the lower eight bits of the baud rate divisor used to set the Baud Rate Generator. The most significant byte is contained at the next address. Together, both addresses must contain the hexadecimal equivalent of the divisor necessary to generate the desired baud rate. All undefined values default to a baud rate of 9600 bps. The following table indicates the proper hex value for each speed: Baud Rate Hex Value 300 bps 80 hex 1200 bps 60 hex 2400 bps 30 hex 4800 bps 18 hex 9600 bps 0C hex 19,200 bps 06 hex 38,400 bps 03 hex 57,600 bps 02 hex 115,200 bps 01 hex E.2.3 Divisor Latch (DLM) 3F9 R/W (most significant byte) Contains the upper eight bits of the baud rate divisor. All undefined values default to a baud rate of 9600 bps. Baud Rate Hex Value 300 bps 01 hex 1200 bps 00 hex 2400 bps 00 hex 4800 bps 00 hex 9600 bps 00 hex 19,200 bps 00 hex 38,400 bps 00 hex 57,600 bps 00 hex 115,200 bps 00 hex The divisor table is reproduced in the IBM Technical Reference manual. The divisor for selecting another baud rate (within the modem's range) is calculated from the following formula: To access this register, bit 7 (DLAB) of the Line Control Register must be set equal to 1. E.2.4 Line Status Register (LSR) 3FD R/O (bit 0, R/W) Provides error indication and other information pertaining to data transfer. Bits 0 through 5 produce an interrupt, provided that the interrupt is enabled (see Interrupt Enable Register). Table E-2 Line Status Register BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 0 Data Ready (DR) 1 Indicates that a character has been received and is held in the Receiver Buffer Register. This bit is reset to 0 by the CPU when data is read from it; data may also be written to it. 0 Indicates that the Receive Buffer Register is empty. 1 Overrun Error (OE) 1 Indicates that a character in the Receive Buffer Register was lost before it was read; reset to zero whenever the Line Status Register is read. 2 Parity Error (PE) 1 Indicates that the parity of the received data character does not match the parity as selected by EPS of the Line Control Register; set to zero when the CPU reads the contents of the Line Status Register. 3 Framing Error (FE) 1 Indicates that the received character did not have a valid stop bit. Resets to 0 whenever the Line Status Register is read. 4 Break Indicator (BI) 1 Indicates the presence of a break signal. Occurs when the received data is held in spacing (logical 0) condition for more than a full character transmission time (i.e., longer than the total time of start bit + data bits + parity + stop bits). The BI bit is reset to 0 whenever the Line Status Register is read. 5 Transmitter Holding 1 Indicates that the transmitter Register Empty is ready to accept the next (THRE) character for transmission. Reset to 0 with the loading of the Transmitter Holding Register. 6 Transmitter Shift 1 Indicates that no characters Register Empty remain in the Transmitter (TSRE) Shift Register. Resets to 0 when data is transferred from the Transmitter Holding Register to the Transmitter Shift Register. 7 _ 0 Permanently set to logical 0. E.2.5 Modem Control Register (MCR) 3FC R/W Controls the MultiModemLT interface. Table E-3 Modem Control Register BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 0 Data Terminal Ready 1 Enables modem operation. (DTR) 0 Disables modem: modem will not accept commands nor auto-answer; if on- line, modem disconnects. 1 Request to Send 1 RTS is inactive and lets data (RTS) flow from the modem when using RTS pacing. 0 RTS is inactive and halts data flow from the modem when using RTS pacing. 2 Output 1 (OUT1) 1 Resets the modem, equivalent to a power off/on reset. Must be held high (logic 1) for at least 50 milliseconds then brought low (logic 0) again. 0 Setting for normal operation. 3 Output 2 (OUT2) 1 Enables interrupts. 0 Disables interrupts. 4 Loopback (LOOP) 1 Activates a loopback feature for diagnostic testing of the UART. 0 Setting for normal operation. 5-7 _ 0 Permanently set to logical zero. E.2.6 Modem Status Register (MSR) 3FE R/O Provides the current state of the control signals from the modem to the CPU. Whenever bit 2 or 3 is set to logic 1, a Modem Status Interrupt is generated, provided that Modem Status Interrupts are enabled. Table E-4 Modem Status Register BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 0 Delta Clear to Send 0 Unused, always logic 0. (DCTS) 1 Delta Data Set Ready 0 Unused, always logic 0. (DDSR) 2 Trailing Edge Ring 1 Indicates that the RI input to Indicator the UART has changed from (TERI) an On (logic 1) to an Off (logic 0) condition. 3 Delta Received Line 1 Indicates that the Received Signal Detect (DRLSD) Line Signal Detect input to the UART has changed states. 4 Clear to Send (CTS) 1 Indicates CTS is active and modem is ready to transmit data. 0 Indicates CTS is inactive and is not ready to transmit data. 5 Data Set Ready 1 Indicates modem is in Data (DSR) mode and connected to the communications channel. 0 Indicates modem is not in Data mode. 6 Ring Indicator (RI) 1 Indicates that the MultiModemLT detects a ringing signal on the telephone line. 7 Carrier Detect 1 Indicates that the MultiModemLT (CD) detects a valid data carrier signal on the telephone line. 0 Indicates an absence of a valid data carrier signal. E.2.7 Receiver Buffer Register (RBR) 3F8 R/O This location contains the most recently received data character. The character is received serially with the least significant bit received first. To access this register, DLAB of the Line Control Register must equal 0. E.2.8 Transmitter Holding Register (THR) 3F8 W/O This location contains the next character to be transmitted serially through the modem. The least significant bit (bit 0) is transmitted first. To access this register, DLAB of the Line Control Register must equal 0. E.2.9 Interrupt Enable Register (IER) 3F9 R/W Enables the interrupt sources to the UART interrupt output signal. Disabling all the interrupts inhibits the Interrupt Identification Register. Note: Set OUT2 (Bit 3 of the Modem Control Register) to a logical 1 to let the interrupts reach the computer bus for processing (it enables the interrupt line). Table E-5 Interrupt Enable Register BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 0 Enable Received Data 1 Lets the UART generate Available Interrupt an interrupt whenever Data (ERBFI) Ready (DR) of the Line Status Register becomes a logical 1. 0 Disables Data Ready interrupt. 1 Enable Transmitter 1 Allows the UART to generate Holding Register an interrupt whenever THRE Empty Interrupt of the Line Status Register (ETBEI) becomes a logic 1. 0 Disables Transmitter Holding Register Empty interrupt. 2 Enable Receiver 1 Lets the UART generate Line Status Register an interrupt upon receiving an Interrupt Overrun Error, Parity Error, (ELSI) Framing Error, or Break signal. 0 Disables OE, PE, FE, or BI interrupts from the Line Status Register. 3 Enable Modem 1 Allows the UART to generate Status Interrupt an interrupt whenever RI or (EDSSI) CD of the Modem Status Register becomes a logical 1. 0 Disables interrupts generated by RI and CD of the Modem Status Register. 4-7 _ 0 Always logical 0. E.2.10 Interrupt Identification Register (IIR) 3FA R/O Stores and indicates which prioritized interrupts are pending. The information contained in this register is always available even if interrupts have been turned off at the Interrupt Enable Register. Table E-6 Interrupt Identification Register BIT NAME DESCRIPTION 0 Interrupt Pending 1 No interrupts have occurred. (IP) 0 Indicates that an interrupt occurred. 1-2 Interrupt ID Bit 1 in conjunction with bit 2, (IID1 & IID2) indicates the highest priority interrupt which has occurred. See the table below. 3-7 _ 0 Always logical 0. Table E-7 Interrupt ID IID2 IID1 PRIORITY INTERRUPT SOURCE 1 1 1 Overrun Error (OE), or (highest) Parity Error (PE), or Framing Error (FE), or Break Indication (BI) (see Line Status Register) 1 0 2 Data Ready (DR) (see Line Status Register) 0 1 3 Transmitter Holding Register Empty (THRE) 0 0 4 Ring Indicator, or (lowest) Received Line Signal Detect (CD) (see Modem Status Register) Appendix F: PCMCIA Driver Deinstallation Use this appendix to deinstall old PCMCIA drivers. The files affected are your CONFIG.SYS, AUTOEXEC.BAT, SYSTEM.INI, and WIN.INI. Complete the deinstallation process only if, during the installation process, PCM Plus alerted you that other software was already loaded on the computer, or you know you have other PCMCIA support software on your computer. You may use the Deinstallation utility included with PCM Plus following the instructions in Table F-1, below, or you may manually deinstall according to the instruction provided in section F.2. F.1 Using the Deinstallation Utility PCM Plus will not install with other versions of PCMCIA utilities loaded on your PC. Use the instructions in the following table to deinstall old PCMCIA drivers with the Deinstallation utility included with your PCM Plus software. Note: When using the Deinstallation utility, you may press the F1 function key at any time for context-sensitive Help. Also, you may exit the installation at any time by pressing the F3 function key. Table F-1 Deinstalling Old PCMCIA Drivers using the Deinstallation Utility 1. Create a bootable diskette containing your CONFIG.SYS, AUTOEXEC.BAT, SYSTEM.INI, and WIN.INI files. For information on creating a bootable diskette, refer to your DOS manual. 2. Copy the files from the PCM Plus diskette to your hard drive. 3. Type DEINSTALL and press ENTER in the directory where you copied the files. The deinstallation utility title screen appears. (You may exit the installation at any time by pressing the F3 function key.) 4. Press any key to display an informational message about creating a bootable diskette. 5. Press any key to display the Remove or Comment Out screen. Here you may choose how to disable your old PCMCIA utilities. You may choose to have a comment line placed in front of each line by selecting the "Comment-out lines" option, or choose "Remove lines" to delete these lines entirely. Make your selection by using the up and down arrow keys and press ENTER. The Deinstall from All Configurations screen appears. 6. If you are running DOS 6.0 or later with the multiple boot option, the Deinstall from All Configurations screen appears. Here you may choose to deinstall PCMCIA utilities from the current configuration or from all configurations. If you choose to deinstall from only the current configuration, all other configurations will be left unchanged. Note: If you are running Windows, you must choose to deinstall from all configurations. Windows does not let you specify different Windows drivers for different boot configurations, because the same driver is used every time you boot. Make your selection and press ENTER. The first Windows Directory screen appears. 7. If you have Windows installed, select Yes and press ENTER. Otherwise select No and press ENTER. If you selected Yes, the second Windows Directory screen appears. Either enter the path where you have Windows installed, or press ENTER to accept the default option. The View Changes screen appears. 8. We recommend you select Yes to see what changes the Deinstallation utility will make to your files. Then you can accept or reject the changes. 9. The affected files are displayed. To accept the changes, press ENTER; to reject the changes, press ESC. You may also exit the Deinstallation utility by pressing the F3 function key. 10. Once you have viewed all the affected files, a screen appears containing a summary of which changes have been made and what the backup copies are named. Press ENTER to continue. The Reboot System screen appears. 11. This screen reminds you to reboot you PC after returning to the DOS prompt so that the changes can take effect. Press ENTER to exit the Deinstallation utility. 12. Reboot you PC so that the changes can take effect. Appendix G: PCM Plus Drivers & Memory Management In addition to utilities and programs, PCM Plus also includes drivers that provide necessary services for PCMCIA cards. Most of these drivers are installed by PCM Plus during installation. Occasionally, however, you may need to 'fine-tune' these drivers to provide maximum performance. The most important way to optimize driver performance is to increase the efficiency of memory usage. This requires some knowledge of the way in which the drivers use memory. The appendix provides details on how to best use the drivers that PCM Plus installs on your computer. Note: In the normal course of operation, you should find that the default settings for drivers are adequate to your needs. Only edit these settings if you have some experience with memory optimization. Your MultiModemLT requires you to install Socket Services (PCMSS.EXE), Card Services (PCMCS.EXE), and the Super Client Driver (PCMSCD.EXE). Refer to the information that follows to determine how much memory each driver requires. G.1 Memory Management All drivers are mapped to specific memory sites in your computer's RAM. Available sites are shown below. Table G-1 Available Memory Ranges and Types Memory Range Amount Memory Type 1FFFFFF - FFFFFF... up to 64MB Extended Memory 0E0000 -0FFFFF 128KB System BIOS 0C0000 - 0DFFFF 128KB Upper Memory (UMB) I/O adapter ROM 0A0000 -0BFFFF 128KB Video RAM 000000 - 09FFFF 640KB Conventional Memory Conventional (base) memory The first 640KB of RAM in your system is called "conventional" memory. Most, but not all, of this 640KB is available for applications, depending on the DOS version you are running and which device drivers are loaded. The rest of the first megabyte (the upper 384KB) is called "upper" memory, or UMB for upper memory block. It is reserved for video and system BIOS, device drivers, and so on. The area above the first 1MB is called "extended" memory, and is accessible through memory managers which support the storage of data up to a theoretical limit of 4 gigabytes (a 486 processor can physically handle 64MB). Within this memory range, PCM Plus drivers normally use conventional and upper memory. The table below shows the MultiModemLT drivers and where they normally reside. The default switches are also given below. Table G-2 MultiModemLT Memory Requirements Driver Conv. Memory UMB Memory Fixed/Var Default Required Required PCMSS.EXE 7K 0K PCMCS.EXE 36K 4K Fixed /ADDR=C8 PCMSCD.EXE 20K 0K Note: If PCMCS detects RAM or ROM at C800, it attempts to find the next available memory. This CIS window address can be specified in the "Advanced" menu of PCMSETUP or in the PCM.INI file using the /ADDR option. G.2 Minimizing Memory Usage Use the following suggestions to reduce memory usage. * Load only those drivers absolutely required for the cards you plan to use. For example, if you are going to use your MultiModemLT card exclusively, load only the PCMSS, PCMCS, and PCMSCD drivers. * Make all of your upper memory block addresses contiguous so that you don't leave memory "holes." * Use Microsoft's MSD program to maximize memory usage. G.3 PCM Plus Drivers When PCM Plus is installed, the program automatically installs those drivers that you specify cards for. At that time, it also assigns parameters to the driver, indicating such things as memory allocation, slot assignment, and address size. The drivers normally loaded for the MultiModemLT are as follows. Driver Purpose PCMSS.EXE Used to support Socket Services. Works at the BIOS level as an interface between the PCMCIA card socket and PCMCS, the Card Services program. PCMCS.EXE Used to support Card Services. Works at the operating system level to manage all PCMCIA cards. PCMSCD.EXE Used with the MultiModemLT and LAN cards. CNFIGNAM.EXE Used to specify which PCM Plus configuration should be accessed from the PCM.INI file. Normally you won't need to change these original assignments. However, occasionally, in order to optimize system performance or to add a new driver for a newly-acquired PCMCIA card, you may need to add one of these drivers to your CONFIG.SYS file. This section provides specific information on all the PCM Plus drivers currently available. Note: Only the PCM Plus drivers provided are defined. Drivers provided by third party suppliers are not defined here. The way we represent certain commands and switches is COMMAND /switch. COMMAND is the necessary word to type or invoke in order to run the driver or program. /switch is an option which can be omitted. Normally a default setting already exists. G.3.1 About the Installed Drivers The PCM Plus software drivers work together to let your PC and your MultiModemLT communicate. Socket Services provides the interface between your PC and the socket in which your MultiModemLT is installed. The Super Client Driver configures the MultiModemLT and handles all card events such as insertion and extraction. Card Services acts as a liaison between Socket Services and the Super Client Driver. G.3.2 Socket Services (PCMSS.EXE) The Socket Services (PCMSS.EXE) component of PCM Plus provides the interface between your PC and the socket into which the MultiModemLT is inserted. PCMSS Options When you install PCM Plus, the Socket Services device driver PCMSS.EXE is loaded in your CONFIG.SYS file. You can modify the device driver options for Socket Services with PCMSETUP Advanced Mode or by editing the PCM.INI file directory. The PCMSS= argument is found in the PCM.INI file. Add or change options of PCMSS.EXE by typing a slash and then the option, like in the following example. PCMSS /RS=n /RW=n /APOFF /LOCK Table G-3 PCMSS Options RS=n Reserves socket n. Default=none. RW=n Reserves socket-window controller n. Default=none. /APOFF Disables hardware auto-power mode. Default=hardware auto power mode enabled. /LOCK Enables socket locking features. Default=socket locking off. The following sections define each option in more detail. For more information about Socket Services, you may order the PCMCIA Socket Services 2.0 Interface Specification: write to the PCMCIA Committee, 1030G East Duane Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 or call (408) 720-0107. /RS /RS=n1 n2 specifies the number of sockets to be reserved. When you use the Reserve Socket option you prevent Socket Services from colliding with other dedicated PCMCIA software that is accessing the socket hardware directly. You can also use this option to limit access to a socket that may not be accessible in the system. You can reserve a maximum of two sockets. /RW /RW=n1 n2 reserves a socket controller window. Reserve either I/O and memory windows to prevent conflicts with software that are not allocating resources from Card Services. n specifies the window number starting at zero on the first socket. There is no distinction between I/O and memory windows since the number and type of windows is controller-specific. You can reserve a maximum of two windows. /APOFF /APOFF disables Auto-Power Mode. This option disables the "auto power mode" on some socket controllers. Use this option for maximum compatibility on MCA-bus machines or with controllers having problems with auto-power mode. /LOCK /LOCK enables Socket Locking. This option supports socket- locking/unlocking hardware. Use this option to specify that socket locking is available. This switch only works if your PCMCIA hardware has socket-locking capability. G.3.3 Card Services (PCMCS.EXE) The Card Services (PCMCS.EXE) component of PCM Plus interfaces directly with Socket Services, coordinates access to the PCMCIA cards, and allocates PC system resources among Card Services client drivers. A client driver is a device driver (hardware-specific software) designed to support one or more PCMCIA cards. Card Services is provided as a DOS loadable driver. Card Services manages: * all resources available for PCMCIA Cards. When a PCMCIA card is inserted into a socket, Card Services determines if the requested resources can be provided for that card. * client drivers that are written for specific PCMCIA cards. These client drivers are registered with Card Services during initialization (system boot-up). Card Services then provides the registered client drivers with pertinent information when PC card events occur, such as card insertion or extraction, as well as status changes, such as battery low, card ready, and card locked. PCMCS Options When you install PCM Plus, the Card Services device driver PCMCS.EXE is loaded in your CONFIG.SYS file. You can modify the device driver options for Card Services with PCMSETUP Advanced Mode or by editing the PCM.INI file directory. The PCMCS= argument is found in the PCM.INI file, and is used to pass options to PCMCS. The DEVICE=PCMCS.EXE line appears in the CONFIG.SYS file. Add or change options of PCMCS.EXE by typing a slash and then the option, like in the following example. PCMCS.EXE /ADDR=nn /CLIENTS=nn /MCA /NOBEEP /NOPM /PMOFF /POLL /REGIONS=n /WAIT=n /XIRQ=xxxx Table G-4 PCMCS Options /ADDR=nn Sets internal memory window to address xx00:0000 (first available) /CLIENTS=n Allows n clients to register. /IRQ=n Enables IRQn for status-change interrupts /MCA Forces Micro Channel compatibility mode. /NOPM Ignores all Power-Management events. /NOBEEP Turns off the tone emitted when cards are inserted and removed. /PMOFF Disables sending Power Management events to Clients. /POLL Uses polling instead of interrupts for card events /REGIONS=n Uses up to n different memory regions at a time. /WAIT=n Delays n 18.2 ms periods before configuring I/O card. /XIRQ=xxxx Bitmask of unavailable interrupts. See the following sections for more details on these options. For more information on the additional responsibilities and services performed by Card Services, you may order the PCMCIA Card Services 2.0 Interface Specification: write to the PCMCIA Committee, 1030G East Duane Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 or call (408) 720-0107. /ADDR /ADDR=nn specifies the PC Card Configuration Address. This option defines the starting segment address for Card Services for PC Card configuration. You must locate the segment nn within the first 1MB address space and must specify the start address of a 2-digit hex segment address. The granularity of nn is dependent on the socket controller; however, the minimum address granularity allowed is 4K. Leaving out the /ADDR argument defaults to an address beginning at C000. However, if you follow normal setup operations, PCMSETUP uses the /ADDR flag to anchor the CIS window to C800 (or another address specified by the user). Address Range: /ADDR= C0h-F0h. /CLIENTS /CLIENTS=n specifies the maximum supported Client Drivers. This option controls the maximum number of client drivers that can register with Card Services. Each client driver requires Card Services to allocate 60 bytes of memory. Default Value: /CLIENTS=10 /FLASH /FLASH enables Flash File System Compatibility. /IRQ=n specifies the Card Services IRQ level. This option defines the IRQ resource that Card Services uses for PCMCIA card events such as insert and remove. This IRQ is unrelated to the communication (COM:) ports. Interrupt Range: /IRQ=8-15 Default Value: /IRQ=10 /PMOFF /PMOFF disables the Power Management Option. This option controls the power management provided with Card Services. If /PMOFF is specified, then PCMCIA Cards are unilaterally powered-down on SUSPEND messages; on RESUME messages the PC Cards are powered-up and reconfigured (if there is an associated client driver) by sending an artificial insertion message. /MCA /MCA enables Micro Channel Mode. This option handles interrupts and card events as if it were working on a Micro Channel Bus. Use this option if Card Services cannot automatically detect MCA. /NOPM /NOPM causes the program to ignore Power Management. This option disables all CS power management, preventing CS from monitoring power-management events. Use this option to prevent collisions with non-APM-compliant power management schemes. /POLL /POLL enables Poll Card Events. This option enables sense-driven rather than interrupt-driven card events. This switch is useful for noisy hardware environments or when an IRQ is not available. This mode is automatically enabled when an MCA is detected or the /MCA option is used. Use this option when more than one adapter is present, avoiding the need for multiple interrupts for monitoring card events. /WAIT /WAIT=n specifies the Card Settle Time. The Wait parameter is a value specified in system timer ticks (18.2 per second) that determines the delay time needed from the time you insert a PC card to the time at which it becomes accessible. This option is useful for PC Cards that have longer settle times. Default value: /WAIT=1 Range: /WAIT= 1-100. /XIRQ /XIRQ=xxxx specifies system IRQs to exclude. On a bare IRQ system, as shown in the table below, Card Services can use only IRQ10, IRQ11, IRQ12, or IRQ15 for card events. Fully loaded systems, however, such as multimedia systems, often require these same IRQ levels. In such cases, use /XIRQ to exclude these IRQs from Card Service consideration and avoid conflicts. The variable xxxx decodes to the following IRQs. \XIRQ=0400 Excludes Card Services from using IRQ10 \XIRQ=0800 Excludes Card Services from using IRQ11 \XIRQ=8A00 Excludes Card Services from using IRQ10, IRQ11, and IRQ15 from Card Services, leaving only IRQ12 available. The following table shows what IRQ levels are typically dedicated to certain devices. IRQ0 Timer Output IRQ1 Keyboard IRQ2 Route to Interrupt Controller 2, IRQ8 to 15 IRQ3 Serial Port COM2 IRQ4 Serial Port COM1 IRQ5 Parallel Printer Port 2 IRQ6 Floppy-disk controller IRQ7 Parallel Printer Port 2 IRQ8 Real-Time Clock IRQ9 Software redirect to IRQ2 (INT 0AH) IRQ10 Reserved (default PC Card events) IRQ11 Reserved IRQ12 Reserved IRQ13 80x87 Math Coprocessor IRQ14 Hard-Disk controller IRQ15 Some Hard-Drive/SCSI controllers G.3.4 Super Client Driver (PCMSCD.EXE) The Phoenix Super Client Driver is a Card Services client that increases the efficiency of resource acquisition by requesting system resources from Card Services, such as memory, I/O, and IRQ. When requested in this way, they appear to the system as resident for use by software. PCMSCD must reside in the same directory as the active PCM.INI. PCMSCD reads its boot options as well as configuration information used to enable PCMCIA cards from PCM.INI. When PCMSCD is booted, selected card configurations are loaded into a list maintained by PCMSCD. When a PC Card is inserted, PCMSCD identifies the card and looks for a possible configuration in this list. If a configuration is found that matches the card, the configuration is attempted. If a matching configuration is not found, PCMSCD examines the CIS configurations on the card to see if the card is a generic modem/fax/serial card and if it is, PCMSCD tries to enable the card as such. If a configuration is successful, PCMSCD beeps once. PCM Plus automatically loads PCMSCD.EXE into the CONFIG.SYS file and writes the PCMSCD= argument to the PCM.INI file. Note: Do not try to write the arguments listed below to CONFIG.SYS. They belong in the PCM.INI file. Add or change options of PCMSCD.EXE by typing a slash and then the option, like in the following example. PCMSCD /NOBEEP /NOMS /NODB /NW /LEVEL Table G-5 PCMSCD Options /NOBEEP Disables beeps when a LAN or Fax/Modem PCMCIA card, such as the MultiModemLT is configured. The default is beeps enabled. (The program emits a high beep when a card is inserted or is successfully configured and emits a lower beep when a card is extracted.) /NOMS Do not save modem state information on power down. /NODB Disables internal card information database. /NOMODEM Disables the generic configuration for modems. System no longer automatically recognizes Fax/modem PC cards. /NW Do not wait on error/warning message. G.3.5 Resource Manager (PCMRMAN.SYS) When PCMCS loads, it has no way of knowing which system resources have been allocated and to which addresses and IRQs they are now assigned. PCMRMAN.SYS is the program that tells PCMCS what the system resources are. PCMRMAN.SYS loads before PCMCS and scans I/O and RAM memory space (in the UMB from A000-FFF), as well as IRQ assignments. It then checks the PCM.INI file under INSTALL.Resources to determine what the Manufacturer's overrides are. Once these are established, PCMRMAN.SYS passes the information along to PCMCS which then goes about the job of making device allocations. Normally, when you install PCM Plus, PCMRMAN.SYS is automatically copied over to the appropriate directory and is written into the CONFIG.SYS file. If this is not the case, PCM Plus will not run properly, if at all. Note: Never run PCM Plus without having PCMRMAN.SYS loaded first. PCMRMAN /NOSCAN Disables the PCMRMAN.SYS scan which determines system resources. If you use this resource, make very certain that every system resource is documented as included or excluded to PCM Plus in the [INSTALL.Resources] section. Otherwise, do not include this parameter. G.3.6 Configuration Name for Multiple Boot Option (CNFIGNAM.EXE) CNFIGNAM.EXE is a device driver that specifies which PCM Plus configuration parameters to use based on the selected boot configuration. CNFIGNAM is added to the CONFIG.SYS file by the PCM Plus setup utility. You have only one configuration option unless you are using DOS 6.0 in multiple boot mode. In this case, PCM.INI will have defined system resource requirements for all boot configurations for which PCM Plus is installed. After you specify a boot configuration at startup, CNFIGNAM identifies your selection when CONFIG.SYS is loaded and removes the relevant configuration information from the PCM.INI file. CNFIGNAM.EXE /config_name identifies the PCM Plus configuration to use. For example, cnfigname.EXE /NEW identifies /NEW as the name of the boot configuration selected at system startup. The PCM.INI file may contain multiple setup configurations for PCM Plus. Each of these sections is identified using square brackets, [ ]. If you type CNFIGNAM at the DOS prompt without argument, it reports the current boot configuration name for PCM Plus. Appendix H: Troubleshooting PCM Plus PCM Plus provides you with a large number of help messages which should smooth the way during the installation, setup, and configuration process. PCM Plus also provides a large number of error messages which should help you understand not only what is wrong but, more importantly, how to fix it. H.1 PCM Plus Installation You may see the following messages when running the PCM Plus installation program. Follow the instructions provided below the message. APM and POWER.EXE are not loaded. Copy APM over to your /DOS directory. POWER.EXE should already be there. Define the location of both files in your CONFIG.SYS file. Could not allocate memory! Not enough memory space found. You probably have to reallocate memory resources either by changing the CONFIG.SYS or by rerunning your memory manager. See Appendix G for more details. Directory does not exist! PCMSETUP could not find the directory you specified. Create a new directory. Error! It has been determined that your system has another version of PCMCIA utilities installed. Remove all old version of PCMCIA utilities currently in your CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files. See Appendix F for more details. PCM+ Drivers already installed! You have already installed this version of PCM Plus, in which case you don't have to reinstall it. PCM+ Subsequent Installation! Your old PCM Plus files are already loaded. REMark out all references to previous versions of PCM Plus in your CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files according to the instructions provided in Appendix F. Warning! It has been determined that your system is capable of multiple boot configurations. As previously mentioned in this manual, MS-DOS 6.0 allows multiple boot configurations. If the PCM Plus installation program finds this program, it queries you as to whether you want PCM Plus installed on this particular boot configuration or another. If you prefer to have PCM Plus loaded on a different boot configuration, exit the install program, reboot the system, and specify the configuration you do want. H.2 PCM Configuration Most of the error messages you will encounter in PCM Plus are self- explanatory. The following are error messages that might need a little more explanation. ERROR: Card Services is not installed !!! The file PCMCS is not properly installed. Either run the PCM installation program again or manually copy the PCMCS.EXE file from the distribution diskette to the current PCM Plus directory (usually /PCM31). ERROR: PCM cannot run under MS-Windows. Use PCMWIN.EXE instead. You have tried to access PCM from Windows. This is a DOS program and does not run under Windows. Install and use PCMWIN. See Chapter 2 for details. Requested configuration unavailable One or more of the configuration changes you tried to make to this card is not available. If possible, make another selection or leave the configuration at its default values. Requested I/O unavailable The I/O setting you tried to assign this card is not available, probably because it is being used by another device. Either select another I/O setting, accept the default, or reallocate the I/O of the device that currently controls it. Requested IRQ unavailable The IRQ level you tried to assign this card is not available, probably because it is being used by another device. Either select another IRQ, accept the default, or reallocate the IRQ of the device that currently controls it. Requested Memory unavailable The memory range setting you tried to assign this card is not available probably because it is being used by another device. Either select another range setting, accept the default, or reallocate the memory of the device that currently controls it . Unavailable COM The COM value you tried to assign is already being used by another device. Either reassign this card port to another COM or reassign the port that already has this value. Unconfigured The card you tried to install does not have a CIS. Use PCM to assign parameters to the card. If the card you inserted is a Flash Card and receives this message, it does not mean that PCM Plus cannot run the card; try it and see. In most cases, the card will run. If the card receiving this message is an I/O card, it means PCM will not be able to run it. H.3 PCM Windows Configuration Most of the error messages you will encounter in PCMWIN are self- explanatory. The following are error message that might need a little more explanation. PCMCS.EXE not loaded. The card services driver is not loaded. Either rerun PCM installation or manually copy PCMCS.EXE from the distribution diskette to the appropriate PCM Plus directory (usually /PCM31). If problems persist, check the path name designated in the CONFIG.SYS file and change it if necessary. PCMSCD.EXE not loaded. The super client driver is not loaded. Either rerun PCM installation or manually copy PCMSCD.EXE from the distribution diskette to the appropriate PCM Plus directory (usually /PCM31). Unable to locate PCM.INI. The program cannot find PCM.INI. Rerun PCM installation. Unable to allocate enough memory. PCM Plus could not find sufficient memory to do its job. Run your memory manager to optimize your memory use (see Appendix G) or remove some of your TSRs from memory. If you have many applications currently running in Windows, exit them and try again. Requested configuration unavailable One or more of the configuration changes you tried to make to this card is not available. If possible, make another selection or leave the configuration at its default values. Requested I/O unavailable The I/O setting you tried to assign this card is not available, probably because it is being used by another device. Either select another I/O setting, accept the default, or reallocate the I/O of the device that currently controls it. Requested IRQ unavailable The IRQ level you tried to assign this card is not available, probably because it is being used by another device. Either select another IRQ, accept the default, or reallocate the IRQ of the device that currently controls it. Requested Memory unavailable The memory range setting you tried to assign this card is not available probably because it is being used by another device. Either select another range setting, accept the default, or reallocate the memory of the device that currently controls it . PCMWIN can only add I/O cards (i.e., Fax/Modem, LAN, SCSI, Sound Card). PCMWIN automatically configures media cards such as Flash cards and ATA disk cards so you won't have to configure these. You should only have to configure I/O cards. H.4 Additional Error Messages The following are other error messages you might find. Socket Services not loaded The file PCMSS.EXE is not loaded. Either rerun PCM Plus installation or copy PCMSS.EXE from the distribution diskette to the appropriate directory. If problems persist, check the path name designated in the CONFIG.SYS file and change it if necessary. Socket Services version must be 2.0 or greater The copy of PCMSS.EXE you have loaded on your machine is not up- to-date. Copy PCMSS.EXE from your distribution diskette to the directory where the old version of PCMSS currently resides. Optionally, reinstall PCM Plus with an updated version. Incorrect command-line parameter(s) detected While loading one of the PCM Plus programs or drivers, an incorrect parameter was detected. Check your CONFIG.SYS, PCM.INI, and WIN.INI files for incorrect switch settings. See Appendix G for more details. ERROR: Syntax error in command line ! The program tried to load a driver that had the wrong syntax in its CONFIG.SYS or PCM.INI line. Refer to driver descriptions in Appendix G. ERROR: PCMSCD requires 80386 processor or above. PCMSCD and PCM Plus cannot be run on a computer possessing less than an 80386 processor. Appendix I: Regulatory Compliance This appendix contains compliance information about the MultiModemLT and the FCC, DOC, and BABT. See the following sections for more information. I.1 FCC Regulations for Telephone Line Interconnection 1. This equipment complies with Part 68 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules. On the outside surface of this equipment is a label that contains, among other information, the FCC registration number and ringer equivalence number (REN). If requested, this information must be provided to the telephone company. 2. As indicated below, the suitable jack (Universal Service Order Code connecting arrangement) for this equipment is shown. If applicable, the facility interface codes (FIC) and service order codes (SOC) are shown. An FCC-compliant telephone cord and modular plug is provided with this equipment. This equipment is designed to be connected to the telephone network or premises wiring using a compatible modular jack which is Part 68 compliant. See installation instructions for details. 3. The ringer equivalence number (REN) is used to determine the quantity of devices which may be connected to the telephone line. Excessive REN's on the telephone line may result in the devices not ringing in response to an incoming call. In most, but not all areas, the sum of the REN's should not exceed five (5.0). To be certain of the number of devices that may be connected to the line, as determined by the total REN's, contact the telephone company to determine the maximum REN for the calling area. 4. If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required. But if advance notice isn't practical, the telephone company will notify the customer as soon as possible. Also, you will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary. 5. The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures that could affect the operation of the equipment. If this happens, the telephone company will provide advance notice in order for you to make necessary modifications in order to maintain uninterrupted service. 6. If trouble is experienced with this equipment (the model of which is indicated below) please contact Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. at the address shown below for details of how to have repairs made. If the equipment is causing harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may request you remove the equipment from the network until the problem is resolved. 7. No repairs are to be made by you. Repairs are to be made only by Multi-Tech Systems or its licensees. Unauthorized repairs void registration and warranty. 8. This equipment cannot be used on public coin service provided by the telephone company. Connection to Party Line Service is subject to state tariffs. (Contact the state public utility commission, public service commission or corporation commission for information.) 9. If so required, this equipment is hearing-aid compatible. Manufacturer: Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. Trade name: MultiModemLT Model Number: MT2834LT FCC Registration Number: AU7USA-21724-MM-E Ringer Equivalence: 0.2B Modular Jack (USOC): RJ11C or RJ11W (single line) Service Center in U.S.A.: Multi-Tech Systems Inc. 2205 Woodale Drive Mounds View, MN 55112 (800) 328-9717 (612) 785-3500 (612) 785-9874 FAX I.2 Canadian Limitations Notice Notice: The Canadian Department of Communications label identifies certificated equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective, operational and safety requirements. The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user's satisfaction. Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection. In some cases, the company's inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly (telephone extension cord). The customer should be aware that compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations. Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment; or equipment malfunctions, may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment. Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility, telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas. Caution: Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate. The Load Number (LN) assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device, to prevent overloading. The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all the devices does not exceed 100. The Load Number for this product is 2. This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulation of the Canadian Department of Communications. Le pr‚sent appareil num‚rique n'‚met pas de bruits radio‚lectriques d‚passant les limites applicables aux appareils num‚riques de la classe B prescrites dans le RŠglement sur le brouillage radio‚lectrique ‚dict‚ par le ministŠre des Communications du Canada. I.3 Compliance with BABT Requirements Approved for connection to telecommunications system specified in the instructions for use subject to the conditions set out in them. Warning: Interconnection directly, or by way of other apparatus, of ports marked "SAFETY WARNING see instructions for use" with ports marked or not so marked may produce hazardous conditions on the network. Advice should be obtained from a competent engineer before such a connection is made. I.3.1 European Low Voltage Directive When correctly installed and maintained, the modem will present no hazard to the user. When correctly installed the modem will be connected to the PSTN and to a Data Terminal Equipment (DTE). I.3.2 Compliance with BS6305 Clause 6.2, BS6320 Clause 7.2, and BABT/SITS/82/005S/D a. The modem is suitable for connection to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) provided by British Telecommunications pic or Kingston Communications (Hull) pic. Circuit supply by British Communications, Mercury Communication, or Hull City Council. Only direct exchange lines may be used, not shared service. b. The modem is suitable for household, office, and similar general indoor use. It is not suitable for use as an extension to a payphone. c. BT lines supplied must support either loop disconnect or multifrequency tone signalling. d. REN (Ringer Equivalence Number). The REN value of a unit is calculated from 3/n where n is the total number of units which can be connected in parallel which will still cause the standard bell (as defined in BS6305 Appendix D) to ring. REN values of less than 0.3 cannot be assigned. REN = 1 If a telephone or other device is connected in parallel with the modem, the combined REN must not exceed 4. A BT supplied telephone may be assumed to have REN of 1.0 unless otherwise noted. The approval of this modem for connection to the British Telecom public switched telephone network is INVALIDATED if the apparatus is subject to any modification in any material way not authorized by BABT or if it is used with or connected to: i. internal software that has not been formally accepted by BABT. ii. external control software or external control apparatus which cause the operation of the modem associated call set-up equipment to contravene the requirements of the standard set out in BABT/SITS/82/005S/D. All apparatus connected to this modem and thereby connected directly or indirectly to the British Telecom public switched telephone network must be approved apparatus as defined in Section 22 of the British Telecommunications Act 1984. I.3.3 Compliance with BS6789: Section 3.1 and Part 2 a. The modem is not capable of allowing Auto Call using '999' or other PABX emergency numbers. b. Modes other than modes 1, 2, or 3 should not be used on the BT PSTN. This modem is a mode 1 device. c. Users are advised to check the numbers entered during the Auto Call set up phase prior to dialing. d. The user should not issue any sequence of commands to the modem which would cause the modem to exceed the maximum allowable pause of 8 seconds from the time the modem goes off hook until dialing begins. e. For correct operation of the call progress monitor, the power has to be properly connected and switched on. I.3.4 Compliance with DTI 83/009 a. The apparatus is only approved for compatible PBXs. Consult the supplier for an up-to-date list of compatible PBXs. b. There is no guarantee of correct working in all circumstances. Any difficulties should be referred to Multi-Tech Systems. c. If sockets are required for connection to the PBX, use the BT post card only if BT owns the wiring to the PBX. This apparatus has been approved for the use of the following facilities: * Auto-calling * Loop disconnect and MF dialing * Phone number storage and retrieval by a predetermined code * Operation in the absence of proceed indication * Automatic storage of last number dialed * Tone detection-busy * Auto clear from the originating end * DTR dialing * Modem * PBX timed break register recall Any other usage will invalidate the approval of the appartus if, as a result, it then ceases to comply with the standards against which approval was granted.