****************************** TEXT MODE ******************************* ASMLIB Text mode video subroutines (C) Copyright 1991 - 1993 Douglas Herr All rights reserved Screen writing in TEXT mode ASMLIB subroutines write directly to the video memory buffer, except where noted. ASMLIB detects the default display type and screen dimensions. ASMLIB assumes that CGA equipment requires "snow" control and behaves accordingly. In text modes, ASMLIB does not distinguish between CGA and MCGA equipment. Multiple pages of video memory are available except with MDA video adapters. Pages supported by ASMLIB are shown below: video system screen size ASMLIB support BIOS support ------------- ----------- -------------- --------------- MDA 80 x 25 page 0 page 0 CGA, MCGA 80 x 25 pages 0 - 3 pages 0 - 3 CGA, EGA, VGA 40 x 25 pages 0 - 7 pages 0 - 7 EGA, VGA 80 x 25 pages 0 - 7 pages 0 - 7 EGA 80 x 43 pages 0 - 3 pages 0 - 3 VGA 80 x 50 pages 0 - 3 pages 0 - 3 EEGA 132 x 25 pages 0 - 3 pages 0 - 3 EEGA 132 x 44 pages 0 & 1 pages 0 & 1 PEGA 132 x 25 pages 0 - 3 pages 0 - 3 PEGA 132 x 43 pages 0 & 1 pages 0 & 1 HGC, HGC+, InC 80 x 25 pages 0 - 15 page 0 HGC+, InC 90 x 25 pages 0 - 13 page 0 HGC+, InC 80 x 43 page 0 page 0 HGC+, InC 90 x 43 page 0 page 0 ASMLIB subroutines assume that rows are the vertical dimension and columns are the horizontal dimension of a text-mode screen. The upper left corner of the screen is at row=0 and col=0 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� ANSICOLOR: determines color attribute used by ANSI device driver. See also IsANSI. Source: anscolor.asm Call with: no parameters Returns: AH = color attribute Uses: AX Example: call ansicolor ; get ANSI screen color in AH 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� BLINKOFF: disable blinking attriutes; enable bright background attributes BLINKON: enable blinking attriutes; disable bright background attributes Source: blink.asm Call with: no parameters Returns: nothing Uses: nothing; all registers and flags are saved Supports: All ASMLIB text modes Example: call blinkoff ; turn blinking attributes into bright ; background attributes call blinkon ; turn bright background attributes into ; blinking attributes 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� CRTINFO: central control for ASMLIB Text subroutines; determines active video system, screen size, page offset. Source: crtinfo.asm Call with: AH = 0 for page 0 information AH = -1 to calculate active page address Returns: AL = screen rows CH = screen columns BX:[SI] = video buffer address DX = 3DAh if CGA or MCGA, 0 if not CGA DX is used to monitor screen retrace, to avoid "snow" on older CGA systems. CRTINFO does not distinguish between CGA and MCGA equipment; MCGA does not require snow control. You may use GetCRT to determine if an MCGA is installed and turn ASMLIB's snow control off with SnowOFF if the system has an MCGA. Uses: ES, AX, BX, CX, DX, SI, flags Supports: all ASMLIB text modes 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� CURSORCOLOR: set cursor color and enable color palette (InColor only) Source: curscolor.asm ($herc.asm) Call with: AH = color attribute (1 - 15) Returns: if CF = 0, no error if CF = 1, InColor card not installed Uses: Carry Flag Supports: Hercules InColor card Example: extrn cursorcolor:proc .code . . . mov ah,14 ; bright yellow cursor call cursorcolor ; enable InColor palette, set cursor color 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� CURSOROFF: make hardware cursor invisible at present location Source: cursor.asm Call with: no parameters Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: CGA, MCGA, MDA, HGC, HGC+, InC, EGA, PEGA, EEGA, VGA: text mode Example: call cursoroff 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� CURSORON: move cursor to (row, col) and update cursor shape Cursor shape is underscore if INSERT is off, larger block if INSERT is on. See also UCursorON. Source: cursor.asm (crtinfo.asm) Call with: DH = row offset from top of screen DL = column offset from left side Returns: nothing Uses: AX Supports: CGA, MCGA, MDA, HGC, HGC+, InC, EGA, PEGA, EEGA, VGA: text mode Example: mov dh,row ; vertical coordinate on text screen mov dl,column ; horizontal coordinate call cursoron 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� GETSCREEN: save a screen page to a memory buffer PUTSCREEN: copy a saved screen page to the video buffer Source: screen.asm (crtinfo.asm, $wcopy.asm) Call with: DS:[SI] pointing to memory buffer Returns: nothing Uses: nothing; all flags and registers are saved Supports: All ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: see ScreenMem for example 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� HSCROLL: scroll a portion of the screen left or right. Source: hscroll.asm (a$wdata.asm, $wcopy.asm, a$putw.asm, $exit.asm) Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to corner coordinates AH = color attribute for cleared columns CX = number of columns to scroll scrolls left if CX > 0, scrolls right if CX < 0 clears area if CX = 0 Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: All ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates mov ah,color ; AH = color attribute for cleared columns mov cx,columns call hscroll ; to clear entire window, columns = 0 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� PAINT: change all color attributes on a text-mode screen without re-printing the text Source: paint.asm (crtinfo.asm, a$paint.asm) Call with: AH = new color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: All ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: mov ah,newcolor call paint 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� RECOLOR: change selected color attributes on a text-mode screen Replaces oldcolor attribute with newcolor, without re-printing the text. Source: recolor.asm (crtinfo.asm, a$recolr.asm) Call with: AL = color to replace AH = new color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: All ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: mov al,olcolor mov ah,newcolor call recolor 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� SCREENMEM: calculate bytes required to save screen page Used with GetScreen and PutScreen. Source: smem.asm (crtinfo.asm) Call with: no parameters Returns: AX = number of bytes required Uses: AX Example: call screenmem call halloc ; this example uses near heap memory jc drat mov saved_pointer, bx mov si,bx call getscreen ; save the screen . . . mov si,saved_pointer call putscreen ; restore the initial screen 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� SHOWTPAGE: change video page shown on screen Source: tpage.asm (crtinfo.asm, $herc.asm) Call with: BL = page number Returns: AX = error code 0 = no error -1 = bad page number Uses: AX Supports: All ASMLIB text modes (except MDA equipment) Example: mov bl,1 ; show page 1 call showtpage 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� SNOWOFF: disables CGA snow control SNOWON: enables CGA snow control (ASMLIB default) Source: crtinfo.asm Call with: no parameters Returns: nothing Uses: no registers or flags Example: include asm.inc extrn snowoff:proc extrn getcrt:proc .code . . . call getcrt cmp ax,2 ; ASMLIB doesn't disable snow control ; on MCGA systems jne continue call snowoff ; MCGA doesn't need snow control continue: 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� STR2VBUF: copies a string to video memory buffer, with selected color attribute; includes snow control for CGA systems Source: str2vbuf.asm Call with: CX = maximum number of characters to print (will also stop at NUL character) DX = 0 to disable snow control = 3DAh to enable CGA snow control (if DX = 3DAh on systems without a color monitor, the computer will jam up solid) DS:[SI] points to first character of string ES:[DI] points to video buffer AH = color attribute DF = 0 (clear direction flag with CLD) Returns: ES:[DI] points to video buffer following string if AL = 0 DS:[SI] points to byte following string's NUL terminator if AL <> 0 DS:[SI] points to next byte in string after the last one printed on the screen Uses: AL, CX, DI, SI, flags 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TCENTER: prints a string on the screen, centered horizontally TNCENTER: prints CX bytes of a string on the screen, centered horizontally Source: tcenter.asm (crtinfo.asm, str2vbuf.asm, strlen.asm) Call with: DS:[SI] pointing to the string DH = row to print the string on AH = color attribute (tncenter only) CX = number of bytes to print Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: assume ds:@data mov ax,@data mov ds,ax ; the string is in DGROUP lea si,string ; DS:[SI] points to the string mov dh,row mov ah,attr ; color attribute call tcenter ; center the string on row in DH 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TCLEAR: clear a text-mode screen with specified color attribute Source: tclear.asm (crtinfo.asm, a$putw.asm) Call with: AH = color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: AL Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: mov ah,color call tclear 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TCOPY: copies one page of text-mode video memory to another page Source: tcopy.asm (crtinfo.asm, tpage.asm, $herc.asm) Call with: BH = frompage, BL = topage Returns: if CF = 0, all OK if CF = 1 and AH = -1, frompage number is out-of-bounds if CF = 1 and AL = -1, topage number is out-of-bounds Uses: AX, CF Supports: all ASMLIB text modes, pages 0 - 15; includes CGA snow control Example: mov bh,0 ; frompage mov bl,1 ; copy from page 0 to page 1 call tcopy jc oops ; oh yuck - an MDA 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TFILL: fill a text-mode screen with specified character and color Source: tclear.asm (crtinfo.asm, a$putw.asm) Call with: AH = color attribute, AL = fill character Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: mov ah,color mov al,char ; AL = character to fill screen call tfill 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TGETCHR: read character and attribute from text screen Source: tgetchr.asm Call with: DH = screen row DL = screen column Returns: AH = color atttribute AL = ASCII character code Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: include asm.inc extrn tgetchr:proc .data position label word column db 13 row db 18 .code ; program fragment assumes DS:@data . . . mov dx,position call tgetchr ; returns with AL = ASCII character code ; and with AH = color attribute 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TLOAD: loads a screen image disk file saved by TSave Source: tsave.asm (crtinfo.asm) Call with: DS:[DX] = address of ASCIIZ filename Returns: if CF = 1, AX = MS-DOS file I/O error code if CF = 0, no error Uses: AX, CF Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; no CGA snow control see also TSave Example: extrn tload:proc .data filename db 'tscreen.bin',0 .code . . . lea dx,filename call tload 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TPAGE: changes active page and shows new active page Source: tpage.asm (crtinfo.asm, $herc.asm) Call with: BL = page number for ASMLIB subroutines writing directly to video memory. See also UseTPage and ShowTPage. ASMLIB's active page is not affected by INT 10h mode changes. Page -1 may be used on two-monitor systems, directs ASMLIB video output to Monochrome screen (except cursor). Returns: AX = error code if AX = 0, no error if AX = -1, bad page number if AX = 1, page may be written to but cannot be shown Uses: AX Supports: text-mode screens, all row/column configurations Example: mov bl,page call tpage 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TPRINT: print ASCIIZ string directly to video buffer. String must be terminated by a NUL character. Source: tprint.asm (crtinfo.asm, str2vbuf.asm) Call with: DS:[SI] pointing to the string DH = screen row, DL = screen column AH = color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: assume ds:@data mov ax,@data mov ds,ax ; the string is in DGROUP lea si,string ; DS:[SI] points to the string mov dh,row mov dl,column mov ah,attr ; color attribute call tprint 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TPRINTCE: prints an ASCIIZ string on the screen at specified position and specified color, and clears from the end of the string to the right edge of the screen Source: tprintce.asm (crtinfo.asm, str2vbuf.asm, a$putw.asm) Call with: DS:[SI] pointing to the string DH = screen row, DL = screen column AH = color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: assume ds:@data mov ax,@data mov ds,ax ; the string is in DGROUP lea si,string ; DS:[SI] points to the string mov dh,row mov dl,column mov ah,attr ; color attribute call tprintce 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TPRINTL: print ASCIIZ string directly to video buffer, lower case Source: tprintl.asm (crtinfo.asm) TPRINTU: print ASCIIZ string directly to video buffer, upper case Source: tprintu.asm (crtinfo.asm) String must be terminated by a NUL character. Similar to TPrint, but characters a - z are TPrinted as upper case A - Z (TPrintU) or characters A - Z are TPrinted as lower case a - z (TPrintL). The string itself is not altered. Call with: DS:[SI] pointing to the string DH = screen row, DL = screen column, AH = color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: assume ds:@data mov ax,@data mov ds,ax ; the string is in DGROUP lea si,string ; DS:[SI] points to the string mov dh,row mov dl,column mov ah,attr ; color attribute call tprintu 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� TSAVE: saves a screen image as a disk file; does not compress the image Source: tsave.asm (crtinfo.asm) Call with: DS:[DX] = address of ASCIIZ filename Returns: if CF = 1, AX = MS-DOS file I/O error code if CF = 0, no error Uses: AX, CF Supports: All ASMLIB text modes; no CGA snow control see also TLOAD Example: extrn tsave:proc .data filename db 'tscreen.bin',0 .code . . . lea dx,filename call tsave 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� UCURSORON: similar to CursorON, but the underscore cursor is used regardles of the state of the INSERT toggle. See also CursorON. Source: cursor.asm (crtinfo.asm) Call with: DH = row offset from top of screen DL = column offset from left side Returns: nothing Uses: AX Supports: text mode, all pages, all row/column configurations Example: mov dh,row mov dl,col call ucursoron 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� USETPAGE: establish ASMLIB's active page Source: tpage.asm (crtinfo.asm, $herc.asm) Call with: BL = page number ASMLIB text-mode subroutines can be directed to any video page. ASMLIB's active page is not affected by INT 10h mode changes. UseTPage does not change the page shown on the screen. See also TPage and ShowTPage. If newpage = -1, ASMLIB video output is directed to a Monochrome screen Returns: AX = error code if AX = -1, bad page number Uses: AX, ES Supports: All ASMLIB text modes Example: mov bl,page call usetpage 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� VSCROLL: scroll a portion of the screen up or down. Source: vscroll.asm (a$wdata.asm, $wcopy.asm, a$putw.asm, $exit.asm) Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to corners of scroll area AH = color attribute, CX = number of rows to scroll Scrolls up if CX > 0, scrolls down if CX < 0, clears area if CX = 0 Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 ; (row0, column0) = upper left corner dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 ; (row1, column1) = lower right corner .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates mov ah,color mov cx,3 ; scroll up 3 rows call vscroll 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WCLEAR: clear a rectangular portion of a text-mode screen Source: wclear.asm (a$wdata.asm, crtinfo.asm, a$putw.asm) Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to box corner data AH = color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: AL, flags Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates mov ah,color call wclear ; clear a box on the screen with corners ; at (row0, column0), (row1, column0), ; (row0, column1) and (row1, column1) 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WFILL: fill a rectangular protion of a text-mode screen with specified character and attribute; variation of WClear Source: wclear.asm (a$wata.asm, crtinfo.asm, a$wclr.asm) Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to box corner data AH = color attribute AL = fill character Returns: nothing Uses: flags Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0: top of fill area dw 10 ; column0: left side of fill area dw 20 ; row1: last row of fill area dw 40 ; column1: right side of fill area .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates mov ah,color mov al,'�' ; use ASCII 254 to fill call wfill ; fill a box on the screen with corners ; at (row0, column0), (row1, column0), ; (row0, column1) and (row1, column1) 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WFRAME: draw a box on a text-mode screen Source: wframe.asm (a$wdata.asm, a$putw.asm, crtinfo.asm) Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to box corner data AH = color attribute AL = box character box character is the character associated with an ASCII code if character = 0, a single line is used if character = -1, a double line is drawn Returns: if bad window dimensions, CF = 1 if no problem, CF = 0 Uses: flags Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates mov ah,color mov al,'�' ; use ASCII 254 for boundary call wframe ; draw a box on the screen with corners ; at (row0, column0), (row1, column0), ; (row0, column1) and (row1, column1) 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WSIZE: calculate the memory required to save a screen window Source: wsize.asm Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to row & column coordinates The row and column coordinates define the corners of the window. Returns: AX = bytes required Uses: AX Supports: All ASMLIB text modes Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates call wsize ; returns AX = bytes needed to save window jc oops call halloc ; allocate space from near heap jc drat 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WPAINT: replace all color attributes in a window of the screen Source: wpaint.asm (a$wdata.asm, crtinfo.asm, a$paint.asm, $exit.asm) Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to window coordinates AH = new color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: nothing; all registers and flags are saved Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates mov ah,color ; AH = new color attribute call wpaint 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WPRINT: print ASCIIZ string directly to the video buffer in a window of screen, with word wrap. String must be terminated by a NUL character. WPrint clears any portion of the window not occupied by the string. Source: WPRINT.ASM (crtinfo.asm, str2vbuf.asm, strlen.asm, a$wdata.asm, a$putw.asm) Call with: DS:[SI] pointing to the string DS:[BX] pointing to window corners AH = color attribute note that the string and the window corner data must be in the same segment Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: extrn wframe:proc, wprint:proc .data wdata dw 10,10,20,30 ; window corner data: upper left at row 10, ; column 10; lower right at row 20, column 30 string db "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog's back",0 .code assume ds:@data mov ax,@data mov ds,ax ; the string is in DGROUP lea si,string ; DS:[SI] points to the string lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to corner data mov ah,12 ; bright red!! call wprint dec wdata ; stretch the window borders a bit dec wdata+2 ; so I can draw a frame around the silly text inc wdata+4 inc wdata+6 mov al,-1 ; double-line border mov ah,14 ; bright yellow call wframe 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WRECOLOR: change selected color attributes in a window of the screen Source: wrecolor.asm (a$wdata.asm, crtinfo.asm, a$recolr.asm, $exit.asm) Call with: DS:[BX] pointing to window corner data AL = color attribute to be replaced AH = new color attribute Returns: nothing Uses: nothing; all registers and flags are saved Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 .code . . . lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates mov ah,newcolor ; AH = new color attribute mov al,oldcolor ; AL = color to be replaced call wrecolor ; replace oldcolor with newcolor ; within the window 같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같같� WRESTORE: restore a portion of a text-mode screen from a buffer WSAVE: save a portion of a text-mode screen to a buffer (handy when using pop-up windows on the screen) Source: wsave.asm (a$wdata.asm, crtinfo.asm, $wcopy.asm) Call with: ES:[DI] pointing to memory buffer DS:[BX] pointing to corner data The memory buffer must be sized to hold the entire window. See wsize. Returns: nothing Uses: nothing Supports: all ASMLIB text modes; includes CGA snow control Example: .data wdata dw 10 ; row0 dw 10 ; column0 dw 20 ; row1 dw 40 ; column1 buffer dw 2000h ; oversize .code . . . ; save a part of the screen mov ax,@data mov es,ax mov ds,ax assume ds:@data, es:@data lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates lea di,es:buffer ; point to buffer call wsave . . . ; sometime later ... ; restore the window saved earlier mov ax,@data mov es,ax mov ds,ax assume ds:@data, es:@data lea bx,wdata ; DS:[BX] points to window coordinates lea di,es:buffer ; point to buffer call wrestore