ۥ-x@ -*d9((J66777777f8888$78 A88]8\88:888888888888894K99799Glossary 2D Two dimensional. Having width and height but no depth like a picture. 3D Three dimensional. Having width, height and depth like a real object. adjacent surface normals Surface normals of different faces at the same vertex. ambient lighting Lighting conditions in your work area. angle of view Angle at apex of viewframe. animation An illusion of movement obtained by viewing a rapid sequence of similar pictures. anti-aliasing Displaying lines on the screen without jagged edges, using intermediate colours to blend them into the background. aspect ratio (of a screen) The ratio of height to width. bitmapped picture A picture stored as a sequence of pixels (coloured points). block A group of entities in a CAD structure. CAD Computer Aided Design. CAD structures In VeriScope, a numerical description of a geometric structure built from lines and faces using CAD software. circular movie A movie in which the first frame is also the last, so that it can run continuously without noticeably jumping back to the start. cubic spline method A method of interpolation that provides continuity of gradient and curvature. cursor A small graphic object that moves about the screen to show "where you are". In VeriScope, an arrow or a hand. CRABbing Moving your viewframe onto a parallel line of sight. default A preset value or condition that can subsequently be changed. default drawing mode VGA standard 640x480 16 colour mode. depth perception The ability to appreciate the 3rd dimension (depth) in a 2D representation. dialogue box A type of graphic device that shows when certain commands are selected. Provides further information and lets you make further selections and/or enter data. diffuseness The ability of a surface to scatter reflected light equally in all directions, generating no highlights when illuminated by point sources. direction vector A set of coordinates used to specify a direction only. display width The maximum width of a picture displayed on your monitor. drawing mode The video mode used when drawing wireframe views. DXF file Data eXchange Format. A standard CAD file format developed by Autodesk. elevation A view from the front, back or side. entity A component of a CAD structure, eg a line or a face. eye-relative coordinates A system for specifying a position in model space in relation to the viewpoint. Positive X is to the left, positive Y is upward and positive Z is opposite to the direction ofview face A polygonal element of a CAD structure. focal distance The distance between the viewpoint and the target in model space. Gouraud shading A shading technique that produces smooth-looking surfaces from polygonal meshes without excessive computation. highlight A region of high intensity seen in a curved surface when illuminated by a localised light source. highlight strength A value you can assign to a layer of a CAD structure to control the sharpness of highlights generated in Phong-shaded views. installation directory The DOS directory on your hard disk where the VeriScope files are stored. interocular distance The distance between your eyes (centre to centre). interocular ratio The ratio between the interocular distance and the display width. keyframe A particular view selected to form part of a movie. layer attribute Information that can be assigned to a layer in a CAD structure. layer A group of faces in a CAD structure, each having been assigned to that layer and taking on certain attributes of that layer. lens index An intermediate value in calculating the lens size you need to use: equal to the ratio between the display width and the eye-to-screen distance. license screen VeriScope's on-screen display of copyright, license, and other information. lighting plan A description of the light sources used to illuminate a 3D model, required to generate shaded views. LOOKing Moving the target around the viewpoint in WALKTHRU mode. math co-processor An additional component that speeds up numerical computation in a PC. menu A graphic object that is displayed when you select a name in the menu bar. It shows a list of commands, one of which can be selected using a mouse. menu bar A graphic object displayed along the top of the screen when you press the space bar to terminate an activity. It contains the names of seven menus. MINSERTS AutoCAD term for a multiply-inserted blocks. model A 3D CAD structure. model frame of reference The Cartesian coordinate system used to describe the geometry of a model. model space The 3D space in which a CAD structure is defined, and which is visualised using VeriScope. MOD file A file in MOD format. MOD format MODel format. A CAD file format used by VeriScope for storing geometric data that allows rapid view generation. mouse A pointing device attached to your computer, enabling you to activate commands and control your viewpoint in model space. movie A file containing a sequence of views which, when shown in rapid succession on the screen, recreate the effect of moving in model space. movie frame A single view in a movie. Movie Player Program A program supplied with VeriScope that replays movies on a PC. palette A set of numbers (eg 0-8 or 0-256) with associated colour definitions. Used as a reference table by software to assign actual screen colours to lines, faces and layers in a CAD structure (which are "coloured" only by numbers). Allows pictures to be re-coloured simply by changing the palette. PANning Moving a view up, down or across the screen. parallax Differences in the horizontal positions of parts of a scene as seen by the two eyes used by the brain to add depth to the picture. VeriScope generates pairs of views with appropriate parallax for stereoviewing in 3D-WALK mode. parallel light Light that strikes all parts of the model from the same angle and at the same intensity like sunlight. PC IBM Personal Computer (or compatible machine). PCX File format developed by Zsoft, commonly used to store pictures in bitmap form. Phong shading A computation-intensive shading technique that results in a smooth surface and can generate highlights. pixel Picture Element. A coloured dot forming the smallest possible part of a picture on the screen. In a 640 x 480 screen display there are 307,200 pixels. pixel density The number of pixels per unit area of screen surface varies with video mode. plan view A view of a model from above. polyline A multi-segment line in a CAD structure. real-mode program A program that runs under DOS using the default operating mode of the processor, which allows only 20-bit data addresses. real-time Operating in the same timeframe as an independent process. reflectance An attribute of a surface that determines highlight production in Phong shading. reminder bar A graphic object that appears on the screen to remind you of something. resolution The number of pixels per unit distance in a screen display. rubber-band box A rectangular box on the screen that changes shape as you move the mouse used to interactively define a subregion for further processing. scroll To wind forward or backward the information displayed within a window on the screen. shading The process of colouring the faces in a view to make the model appear solid. Styles of shading are flat, continuous, Gouraud and Phong. shading algorithm A procedure by which the colours of the pixels required for shading are calculated. shading mode The video mode used when shading views. shrinking Reducing the distance between the viewpoint and the target in WALKTHRU or 3D-WALK. side elevation A horizontal view of a model. slider A small graphic object resembling the slider on an audio system used to set continuous variables or scroll information. space bar The long bar on your keyboard that normally types a space. standard mode VGA 16 colour 640x480 video mode. standard projection A standard view of a 3D structure eg front elevation, side elevation or plan. stereoscopic effect Properly called stereopsis. An effect whereby two slightly dissimilar views of the same scene presented to the two eyes can make the scene appear 3-dimensional. stereoscopic glasses VeriScope's red and blue glasses used for stereovision. stereoscopic mode VeriScope's 3D-WALK mode. stereovision Achieving a stereoscopic effect while viewing a model in VeriScope's 3D-WALK mode. SuperVGA Term referring to better-than-VGA resolution offered by many graphics card manufacturers, but without a common standard. surface normal A direction at right-angles to a surface. SWINGing Moving the viewpoint about the target in WALKTHRU mode. target The point in model space at which you are looking from your viewpoint. It appears centred in the screen in any view generated by VeriScope and appears in the plane of the screen in stereovision. toggle To switch between two alternate states. vertex A corner point of a face, or a point where two or more lines meet, in a CAD structure. vertigo In VeriScope, an instability of view that can occur when looking vertically straight up or down in an interactive mode such as DYNOVIEW, WALKTHRU or 3D-WALK. video mode A configuration of the computer's video system specifying how many pixels will be drawn horizontally and vertically and how many different colours can be displayed. view A 2D picture generated on-screen to represent how a model would appear when observed from within a viewframe, using a lens. viewer model The theoretical model describing the relationship between a CAD structure, a viewer (ie you), and views generated by VeriScope. viewframe The pyramidal framework defined by the four corners of the virtual screen and the viewpoint. Shown as it sits in model space by 4-VIEW. viewpoint The location of your eye in model space. virtual screen The rectangular frame centred at the target, limiting how much of the model appears in a view. WINDOWing Using the mouse to specify a part of a view to be displayed on the whole screen in ZOOM mode. wireframe A view of a CAD structure showing lines only ie not shaded. Glossary Veriscope User guide Veriscope User Guide Glossary g-PAGE2 g-PAGE3 Veriscope User Guide g-PAGE1 Veriscope User Guide Glossary 'v~?7T .SSnSst/uvwx~7T .SSnSstGlossary 2D Two dimensional. Having width and height but no depth like a picture. 3D Three dimensional. 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