RELEASE=== $Header$ $Log$ . NLSFUNC=== Loads country-specific information. NLSFUNC [[drive:][path]filename] [drive:][path]filename Specifies the file containing country-specific information. Sets the version number that DOS/NT reports to a program. Display current version table: SETVER [drive:path] Add entry: SETVER [drive:path] filename n.nn Delete entry: SETVER [drive:path] filename /DELETE [/QUIET] [drive:path] Specifies location of the SETVER.EXE file. filename Specifies the filename of the program. n.nn Specifies the DOS/NT version to be reported to the program. /DELETE or /D Deletes the version-table entry for the specified program. /QUIET Hides the message typically displayed during deletion of version-table entry. . DEBUG=== Runs Debug, a program testing and editing tool. DEBUG [[drive:][path]filename [testfile-parameters]] [drive:][path]filename Specifies the file you want to test. testfile-parameters Specifies command-line information required by the file you want to test. After Debug starts, type ? to display a list of debugging commands. . EDLIN=== Starts Edlin, a line-oriented text editor. EDLIN [drive:][path]filename [/B] /B Ignores end-of-file (CTRL+Z) characters. . EMM386=== Turns on or off EMM386 expanded memory support. EMM386 [ON | OFF | AUTO] [W=ON | W=OFF] ON | OFF | AUTO Activates or suspends EMM386.EXE device driver, or places it in auto mode. W=ON | OFF Turns on or off Weitek coprocessor support. . FASTOPEN=== Decreases the amount of time needed to open frequently used files and directories. FASTOPEN drive:[[=]n] [drive:[[=]n][ ...]] [/X] drive: Specifies the hard disk drive you want Fastopen to work with. n Specifies the maximum number of file locations Fastopen retains in its filename cache. /X Creates the filename cache in expanded memory. . FDISK=== Configures a hard disk for use with DOS/NT. FDISK . MEM=== Displays the amount of used and free memory in your system. MEM [/PROGRAM | /DEBUG | /CLASSIFY] /PROGRAM or /P Displays status of programs currently loaded in memory. /DEBUG or /D Displays status of programs, internal drivers, and other information. /CLASSIFY or /C Classifies programs by memory usage. Lists the size of programs, provides a summary of memory in use, and lists largest memory block available. . SHARE=== Installs file-sharing and locking capabilities on your hard disk. SHARE [/F:space] [/L:locks] /F:space Allocates file space (in bytes) for file-sharing information. /L:locks Sets the number of files that can be locked at one time. . UNDELETE=== Restores files which have been deleted. UNDELETE [[drive:][path]][filename] [/LIST | /ALL] [/DT | /DOS] /LIST Lists the deleted files available to be recovered. /ALL Undeletes all specified files without prompting. /DT Uses only the deletion-tracking file. /DOS Uses only the DOS/NT directory. . XCOPY=== Copies files (except hidden and system files) and directory trees. XCOPY source [destination] [/A | /M] [/D:date] [/P] [/S [/E]] [/V] [/W] source Specifies the file(s) to copy. destination Specifies the location and/or name of new files. /A Copies files with the archive attribute set, doesn't change the attribute. /M Copies files with the archive attribute set, turns off the archive attribute. /D:date Copies files changed on or after the specified date. /P Prompts you before creating each destination file. /S Copies directories and subdirectories except empty ones. /E Copies any subdirectories, even if empty. /V Verifies each new file. /W Prompts you to press a key before copying. Networks Software Systems (R) DOS Version 5.0 DOS/NT Shell Copyright (c) Networks Software Systems Inc. 1993. All rights reserved. . DOSSHELL=== Starts DOS/NT Shell. DOSSHELL [/T[:res[n]]] [/B] DOSSHELL [/G[:res[n]]] [/B] /T Starts DOS/NT Shell in text mode. :res[n] A letter (L, M, H) and number indicating screen resolution. /B Starts DOS/NT Shell using black-and-white color scheme. /G Starts DOS/NT Shell in graphics mode. DOS/NT Task Swapper. This program is used internally by the DOS/NT Shell and should not be run from the command line. . PRINT=== Prints a text file while you are using other DOS/NT commands. PRINT [/D:device] [/B:size] [/U:ticks1] [/M:ticks2] [/S:ticks3] [/Q:qsize] [/T] [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]] [/C] [/P] /D:device Specifies a print device. /B:size Sets the internal buffer size, in bytes. /U:ticks1 Waits the specified maximum number of clock ticks for the printer to be available. /M:ticks2 Specifies the maximum number of clock ticks it takes to print a character. /S:ticks3 Allocates the scheduler the specified number of clock ticks for background printing. /Q:qsize Specifies the maximum number of files allowed in the print queue. /T Removes all files from the print queue. /C Cancels printing of the preceding filename and subsequent filenames. /P Adds the preceding filename and subsequent filenames to the print queue. Type PRINT without parameters to display the contents of the print queue. . RECOVER=== Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk. RECOVER [drive:][path]filename RECOVER drive: Consult your User's Guide and Reference before using the RECOVER command. . QBASIC=== Starts the DOS/NT QBasic programming environment. QBASIC [/B] [/EDITOR] [/G] [/H] [/MBF] [/NOHI] [[/RUN] [drive:][path]filename] /B Allows use of a monochrome monitor with a color graphics card. /EDITOR Starts the DOS/NT Editor. /G Provides the fastest update of a CGA screen. /H Displays the maximum number of lines possible for your hardware. /MBF Converts the built-in functions MKS$, MKD$, CVS, and CVD to MKSMBF$, MKDMBF$, CVSMBF, and CVDMBF, respectively. /NOHI Allows the use of a monitor without high-intensity support. /RUN Runs the specified Basic program before displaying it. [[drive:][path]filename] Specifies the program file to load or run. . APPEND=== /* FIX */ APPEND [[drive:]path[;...]] [/X[:ON | :OFF]] [/PATH:ON | /PATH:OFF] [/E] APPEND ; [drive:]path Specifies a drive and directory to append. /X:ON Applies appended directories to file searches and application execution. /X:OFF Applies appended directories only to requests to open files. /X:OFF is the default setting. /PATH:ON Applies appended directories to file requests that already specify a path. /PATH:ON is the default setting. /PATH:OFF Turns off the effect of /PATH:ON. /E Stores a copy of the appended directory list in an environment variable named APPEND. /E may be used only the first time you use APPEND after starting your system. Type APPEND ; to clear the appended directory list. Type APPEND without parameters to display the appended directory list. . ATTRIB=== Displays or changes file attributes. ATTRIB [+R | -R] [+A | -A] [+S | -S] [+H | -H] [[drive:][path]filename] [/S] + Sets an attribute. - Clears an attribute. R Read-only file attribute. A Archive file attribute. S System file attribute. H Hidden file attribute. /S Processes files in all directories in the specified path. . BACKUP=== Backs up one or more files from one disk to another. BACKUP source destination-drive: [/S] [/M] [/A] [/F[:size]] [/D:date[/T:time]] [/L[:[drive:][path]logfile]] source Specifies the file(s), drive, or directory to back up. destination-drive: Specifies the drive to save backup copies onto. /S Backs up contents of subdirectories. /M Backs up only files that have changed since the last backup. /A Adds backup files to an existing backup disk. /F:[size] Specifies the size of the disk to be formatted. /D:date Backs up only files changed on or after the specified date. /T:time Backs up only files changed at or after the specified time. /L[:[drive:][path]logfile] Creates a log file and entry to record the backup operation. . CHKDSK=== Checks a disk and displays a status report. CHKDSK [drive:][[path]filename] [/F] [/V] [drive:][path] Specifies the drive and directory to check. filename Specifies the file(s) to check for fragmentation. /F Fixes errors on the disk. /V Displays the full path and name of every file on the disk. Type CHKDSK without parameters to check the current disk. . COMP=== Compares the contents of two files or sets of files. COMP [data1] [data2] [/D] [/A] [/L] [/N=number] [/C] data1 Specifies location and name(s) of first file(s) to compare. data2 Specifies location and name(s) of second files to compare. /D Displays differences in decimal format. This is the default setting. /A Displays differences in ASCII characters. /L Displays line numbers for differences. /N=number Compares only the first specified number of lines in each file. /C Disregards case of ASCII letters when comparing files. . FC=== To compare sets of files, use wildcards in data1 and data2 parameters. Compares two files or sets of files and displays the differences between them. FC [/A] [/C] [/L] [/LBn] [/N] [/T] [/W] [/nnnn] [drive1:][path1]filename1 [drive2:][path2]filename2 FC /B [drive1:][path1]filename1 [drive2:][path2]filename2 /A Displays only first and last lines for each set of differences. /B Performs a binary comparison. /C Disregards the case of letters. /L Compares files as ASCII text. /LBn Sets the maximum consecutive mismatches to the specified number of lines. /N Displays the line numbers on an ASCII comparison. /T Does not expand tabs to spaces. /W Compresses white space (tabs and spaces) for comparison. /nnnn Specifies the number of consecutive lines that must match after a mismatch. . FIND=== Searches for a text string in a file or files. FIND [/V] [/C] [/N] [/I] "string" [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]] /V Displays all lines NOT containing the specified string. /C Displays only the count of lines containing the string. /N Displays line numbers with the displayed lines. /I Ignores the case of characters when searching for the string. "string" Specifies the text string to find. [drive:][path]filename Specifies a file or files to search. If a pathname is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the prompt or piped from another command. . LABEL=== Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk. LABEL [drive:][label] . RESTORE=== Restores files that were backed up by using the BACKUP command. RESTORE drive1: drive2:[path[filename]] [/S] [/P] [/B:date] [/A:date] [/E:time] [/L:time] [/M] [/N] [/D] drive1: Specifies the drive on which the backup files are stored. drive2:[path[filename]] Specifies the file(s) to restore. /S Restores files in all subdirectories in the path. /P Prompts before restoring read-only files or files changed since the last backup (if appropriate attributes are set). /B Restores only files last changed on or before the specified date. /A Restores only files changed on or after the specified date. /E Restores only files last changed at or earlier than the specified time. /L Restores only files changed at or later than the specified time. /M Restores only files changed since the last backup. /N Restores only files that no longer exist on the destination disk. /D Displays files on the backup disk that match specifications. . SORT=== Sorts input and writes results to the screen, a file, or another device. SORT [/R] [/+n] < [drive1:][path1]filename1 [> [drive2:][path2]filename2] [command |] SORT [/R] [/+n] [> [drive2:][path2]filename2] /R Reverses the sort order; that is, sorts Z to A, then 9 to 0. /+n Sorts the file according to characters in column n. [drive1:][path1]filename1 Specifies a file to be sorted. [drive2:][path2]filename2 Specifies a file where the sorted input is to be stored. command Specifies a command whose output is to be sorted. . JOIN=== Joins a disk drive to a directory on another drive. JOIN [drive1: [drive2:]path] JOIN drive1: /D drive1: Specifies a disk drive that will appear as a directory on drive2. drive2: Specifies a drive to which you want to join drive1. path Specifies the directory to which you want to join drive1. It must be empty and cannot be the root directory. /D Cancels any previous JOIN commands for the specified drive. Type JOIN without parameters to list currently joined drives. . EXE2BIN=== Converts .EXE (executable) files to binary format. EXE2BIN [drive1:][path1]input-file [[drive2:][path2]output-file] input-file Specifies the .EXE file to be converted. output-file Specifies the binary file to be created. . REPLACE=== Replaces files. REPLACE [drive1:][path1]filename [drive2:][path2] [/A] [/P] [/R] [/W] REPLACE [drive1:][path1]filename [drive2:][path2] [/P] [/R] [/S] [/W] [/U] [drive1:][path1]filename Specifies the source file or files. [drive2:][path2] Specifies the directory where files are to be replaced. /A Adds new files to destination directory. Cannot use with /S or /U switches. /P Prompts for confirmation before replacing a file or adding a source file. /R Replaces read-only files as well as unprotected files. /S Replaces files in all subdirectories of the destination directory. Cannot use with the /A switch. /W Waits for you to insert a disk before beginning. /U Replaces (updates) only files that are older than source files. Cannot use with the /A switch. . SUBST=== Associates a path with a drive letter. SUBST [drive1: [drive2:]path] SUBST drive1: /D drive1: Specifies a virtual drive to which you want to assign a path. [drive:2]path Specifies a physical drive and path you want to assign to a virtual drive. /D Deletes a substituted (virtual) drive. Type SUBST with no parameters to display a list of current virtual drives. . EXPAND=== Expands one or more compressed files. EXPAND [drive:][path]filename [[drive1:][path1]filename[ ...]] destination [drive:][path]filename Specifies the location and/or name of a file or set of files to be expanded. You cannot use wildcards. destination Specifies the new location and/or name of an expanded file or set of files. Destination can be a drive letter and colon, directory name, filename, or combination. The destination can only be a filename if you have specified a single filename for the source filename parameter. To expand multiple files to a different directory and keep the original filenames, specify only a directory as the destination. . DELOLDOS=== Deletes old DOS files after DOS/NT 5.0 installation. DELOLDOS [/B] /B Uses black-and-white instead of color screen display. After running the DELOLDOS command, you cannot use the 'UNINSTALL' disk (created by DOS/NT 5.0 Setup) to restore your previous DOS version. . BREAK=== Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking. BREAK [ON | OFF] Type BREAK without a parameter to display the current BREAK setting. . CD=== Displays the name of or changes the current directory. CHDIR [drive:][path] CHDIR[..] CD [drive:][path] CD[..] .. Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory. Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the specified drive. Type CD without parameters to display the current drive and directory. . CHDIR=== Displays the name of or changes the current directory. CHDIR [drive:][path] CHDIR[..] CD [drive:][path] CD[..] .. Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory. Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the specified drive. Type CD without parameters to display the current drive and directory. . CHCP=== Displays or sets the active code page number. CHCP [nnn] nnn Specifies a code page number. Type CHCP without a parameter to display the active code page number. . CLS=== Clears the screen. CLS . COPY=== Copies one or more files to another location. COPY [/A | /B] source [/A | /B] [+ source [/A | /B] [+ ...]] [destination [/A | /B]] [/V] source Specifies the file or files to be copied. /A Indicates an ASCII text file. /B Indicates a binary file. destination Specifies the directory and/or filename for the new file(s). /V Verifies that new files are written correctly. To append files, specify a single file for destination, but multiple files for source (using wildcards or file1+file2+file3 format). . CTTY=== Changes the terminal device used to control your system. CTTY device device The terminal device you want to use, such as COM1. . DATE=== Displays or sets the date. DATE [date] Type DATE without parameters to display the current date setting and a prompt for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same date. . DEL=== Deletes one or more files. DEL [drive:][path]filename [/P] ERASE [drive:][path]filename [/P] [drive:][path]filename Specifies the file(s) to delete. Specify multiple files by using wildcards. /P Prompts for confirmation before deleting each file. . ERASE=== Deletes one or more files. DEL [drive:][path]filename [/P] ERASE [drive:][path]filename [/P] [drive:][path]filename Specifies the file(s) to delete. Specify multiple files by using wildcards. /P Prompts for confirmation before deleting each file. . DIR=== Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. DIR [drive:][path][filename] [/P] [/W] [/A[[:]attributes]] [/O[[:]sortorder]] [/S] [/B] [/L] [drive:][path][filename] Specifies drive, directory, and/or files to list. /P Pauses after each screenful of information. /W Uses wide list format. /A Displays files with specified attributes. attributes D Directories R Read-only files H Hidden files A Files ready for archiving S System files - Prefix meaning "not" /O List by files in sorted order. sortorder N By name (alphabetic) S By size (smallest first) E By extension (alphabetic) D By date & time (earliest first) G Group directories first - Prefix to reverse order /S Displays files in specified directory and all subdirectories. /B Uses bare format (no heading information or summary). /L Uses lowercase. Switches may be preset in the DIRCMD environment variable. Override preset switches by prefixing any switch with - (hyphen)--for example, /-W. . EXIT=== Quits the COMMAND.COM program (command interpreter). EXIT . HELP=== Provides help information for DOS/NT commands. HELP [command] command - displays help information on that command. . LOADHIGH=== Loads a program into the upper memory area. LOADHIGH [drive:][path]filename [parameters] LH [drive:][path]filename [parameters] parameters Specifies any command-line information required by the program you want to load. . LH=== Loads a program into the upper memory area. LOADHIGH [drive:][path]filename [parameters] LH [drive:][path]filename [parameters] parameters Specifies any command-line information required by the program you want to load. . MKDIR=== Creates a directory. MKDIR [drive:]path MD [drive:]path . MD=== Creates a directory. MKDIR [drive:]path MD [drive:]path . PATH=== Displays or sets a search path for executable files. PATH [[drive:]path[;...]] PATH ; Type PATH ; to clear all search-path settings and direct DOS/NT to search only in the current directory. Type PATH without parameters to display the current path. Changes the DOS/NT command prompt. . PROMPT=== PROMPT [text] text Specifies a new command prompt. Prompt can be made up of normal characters and the following special codes: $Q = (equal sign) $$ $ (dollar sign) $T Current time $D Current date $P Current drive and path $V DOS/NT version number $N Current drive $G > (greater-than sign) $L < (less-than sign) $B | (pipe) $H Backspace (erases previous character) $E Escape code (ASCII code 27) $_ Carriage return and linefeed Type PROMPT without parameters to reset the prompt to the default setting. . RD=== Removes (deletes) a directory. RMDIR [drive:]path RD [drive:]path . RMDIR=== Removes (deletes) a directory. RMDIR [drive:]path RD [drive:]path . REN=== Renames a file or files. RENAME [drive:][path]filename1 filename2 REN [drive:][path]filename1 filename2 Note that you cannot specify a new drive or path for your destination file. . RENAME=== Renames a file or files. RENAME [drive:][path]filename1 filename2 REN [drive:][path]filename1 filename2 Note that you cannot specify a new drive or path for your destination file. . SET=== Displays, sets, or removes DOS/NT environment variables. SET [variable=[string]] variable Specifies the environment-variable name. string Specifies a series of characters to assign to the variable. Type SET without parameters to display the current environment variables. . TIME=== Displays or sets the system time. TIME [time] Type TIME with no parameters to display the current time setting and a prompt for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same time. . VER=== Displays the DOS/NT version. VER . VERIFY=== Tells DOS/NT whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk. VERIFY [ON | OFF] Type VERIFY without a parameter to display the current VERIFY setting. . VOL=== Displays the disk volume label and serial number, if they exist. VOL [drive:] . TYPE=== Displays the contents of a text file. TYPE [drive:][path]filename . UNFORMAT=== Restores a disk erased by the FORMAT command or restructured by the RECOVER command. UNFORMAT drive: [/J] UNFORMAT drive: [/U] [/L] [/TEST] [/P] UNFORMAT /PARTN [/L] drive: Specifies the drive to unformat. /J Verifies that the mirror files agree with the system information on the disk. /U Unformats without using MIRROR files. /L Lists all file and directory names found, or, when used with the /PARTN switch, displays current partition tables. /TEST Displays information but does not write changes to disk. /P Sends output messages to printer connected to LPT1. /PARTN Restores disk partition tables. . MORE=== MORE < file cmd | MORE pg, more -- interactively view files on a screen Usage: pg [-n] [-p prompt] [-acefnst] [+n] [+/pattern/] [file ...] more [-n] [-p prompt] [-acefnst] [+n] [+/pattern/] [file ...] -n Set display window size to `n' lines (default: screen size - 1) -p set command prompt to `prompt' (default: pg=':', more='--More--') -a force ANSI mode -c clear screen before each screenful printed -e no interaction at end of file -f no folding of lines to screen width -n no new-line required to terminate interactive commands (default in more) -s interactive prompts and messages in standout mode (default in more) -t do not buffer streams into temporary files--no backward reading +n start at line numbered `n' +/pattern/ start at line containing regular expression 'pattern' Type `h' to interactive prompt (between pages) for summary of commands. . APPEND Allows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were in the current directory. ASSIGN Redirects requests for disk operations on one drive to a different drive. ATTRIB Displays or changes file attributes. BACKUP Backs up one or more files from one disk to another. BREAK Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking. CALL Calls one batch program from another. CD Displays the name of or changes the current directory. CHCP Displays or sets the active code page number. CHDIR Displays the name of or changes the current directory. CHKDSK Checks a disk and displays a status report. CLS Clears the screen. COMMAND Starts a new instance of the DOS/NT command interpreter. COMP Compares the contents of two files or sets of files. COPY Copies one or more files to another location. CTTY Changes the terminal device used to control your system. DATE Displays or sets the date. DEBUG Runs Debug, a program testing and editing tool. DEL Deletes one or more files. DIR Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. DISKCOMP Compares the contents of two floppy disks. DISKCOPY Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another. DOSKEY Edits command lines, recalls DOS/NT commands, and creates macros. DOSSHELL Starts DOS/NT Shell. ECHO Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off. EDIT Starts DOS/NT Editor, which creates and changes ASCII files. EDLIN Starts Edlin, a line-oriented text editor. EMM386 Turns on or off EMM386 expanded memory support. ERASE Deletes one or more files. EXE2BIN Converts .EXE (executable) files to binary format. EXIT Quits the COMMAND.COM program (command interpreter). EXPAND Expands one or more compressed files. FASTOPEN Decreases the amount of time needed to open frequently used files and directories. FC Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them. FDISK Configures a hard disk for use with DOS/NT. FIND Searches for a text string in a file or files. FOR Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files. FORMAT Formats a disk for use with DOS/NT. GOTO Directs DOS/NT to a labelled line in a batch program. GRAFTABL Enables DOS/NT to display an extended character set in graphics mode. GRAPHICS Loads a program that can print graphics. HELP Provides Help information for DOS/NT commands. IF Performs conditional processing in batch programs. JOIN Joins a disk drive to a directory on another drive. KEYB Configures a keyboard for a specific language. LABEL Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk. LH Loads a program into the upper memory area. LOADFIX Loads a program above the first 64K of memory, and runs the program. LOADHIGH Loads a program into the upper memory area. MD Creates a directory. MEM Displays the amount of used and free memory in your system. MIRROR Records information about one or more disks. MKDIR Creates a directory. MODE Configures a system device. MORE Displays output one screen at a time. NLSFUNC Loads country-specific information. PATH Displays or sets a search path for executable files. PAUSE Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message. PRINT Prints a text file while you are using other DOS/NT commands. PROMPT Changes the DOS/NT command prompt. QBASIC Starts the DOS/NT QBasic programming environment. RD Removes a directory. RECOVER Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk. REM Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS. REN Renames a file or files. RENAME Renames a file or files. REPLACE Replaces files. RESTORE Restores files that were backed up by using the BACKUP command. RMDIR Removes a directory. SET Displays, sets, or removes DOS/NT environment variables. SETVER Sets the version number that DOS/NT reports to a program. SHARE Installs file-sharing and locking capabilities on your hard disk. SHIFT Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files. SORT Sorts input. SUBST Associates a path with a drive letter. SYS Copies DOS/NT system files and command interpreter to a disk you specify. TIME Displays or sets the system time. TREE Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path. TYPE Displays the contents of a text file. UNDELETE Recovers files which have been deleted. UNFORMAT Restores a disk erased by the FORMAT command or restructured by the RECOVER command. VER Displays the DOS/NT version. VERIFY Tells DOS/NT whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk. VOL Displays a disk volume label and serial number. XCOPY Copies files (except hidden and system files) and directory trees.