LANGUAGE WINDOW USERS GUIDE Edition: Intel 80286 Instruction Set A User-Supported Programming Tool Produced By BLR Software Engineering Revision 1.00 12/22/87 (C) Copyright 1987, BLR Software Engineering, All Rights Reserved A NOTE ABOUT USER-SUPPORTED SOFTWARE This edition of Language Window is distributed as user-supported software. This means that it is the user of the program, you, who is solely responsible for the developer, us, being able to continue to develop useful software. It means that you can "test drive" this program and decide whether it is of value to you. As with all user-supported software, it is imperative that you help us to help you. If you have received this program from another user or from a bulletin board and find it useful, please send a $16 contribution to: BLR Software Engineering P.O. Box 52023 Palo Alto, CA 94303 You are granted a limited license to use, copy and distribute the program and documentation as long as you do not: 1. Charge for any copy of the program or documentation. 2. Distribute the program in a modified form. Your cooperation is not only greatly appreciated but it ensures that more quality programs will be available to you at very low cost in the future. Thank you, Baron L. Roberts BLR Software Engineering --- Page i LW286 --- LANGUAGE WINDOW USERS GUIDE Edition: Intel 80286 Instruction Set TABLE OF CONTENTS A Note About User-Supported Software i 1. Introduction 1 2. Getting Started 1 2.1 Loading Language Window (non-IBM CGA systems) 1 2.2 Loading Language Window (IBM CGA systems) 2 2.3 Language Window with Other Memory Resident Utilities 2 3. Equipment Requirements 2 4. Using Language Window 2 4.1 Opening the Language Window 2 4.2 The Language Window Layout 3 4.3 Instruction Selection Using the Cursor 3 4.4 Browsing Through Instructions 4 4.5 Instruction Searching 4 4.6 Closeing the Language Window 4 5. Places to Use Language Window 5 Notices and Acknowledgements 6 --- Page ii LW286 --- LANGUAGE WINDOW USERS GUIDE Edition: Intel 80286 Instruction Set 1. Introduction Language Window is a pop-up quick reference guide for computer programming languages. This edition of Language Window covers the Intel 80286 instruction set. Because Language Window is memory resident, language reference information such as coding syntax and execution speed is available instantly from within any application. With Language Window there is no longer any need to search for the manual or printed quick reference guide. Instead, the information is available simply by pressing two keys. To provide quick access to the reference information there are three easy lookup methods and once the information is found, it remains in the window allowing flipping back and forth between the application and the reference. With Language Window printed quick reference guides can remain lost. 2. Getting Started On the Language Window distribution disk you will find the program LW286.COM This is the Language Window program edition for the Intel 80286 Instruction Set. When this program is first first run, the Language Window is installed as part of the DOS operating system. The program will remain resident in memory until the computer is reset or until the power is turned off. LW286.COM is not copy-protected and may be run from the distribution disk or copied to a hard disk for execution. The program can also be loaded by a batch file. If loaded under DOS 2.00 or higher, LW286 will return an error return code of five if already installed. There are two ways to run the Language Window program depending upon your computer's video display board. 2.1 Loading Language Window (non-IBM CGA systems) Users with computers that do not contain the IBM CGA (Color Graphics Adapter) board may run the Language Window program by simply entering LW286 at the DOS prompt. Be sure that you use any drive or pathname required to find the LW286.COM program. --- Page 1 LW286 --- Examples of computers that fall into this category are: IBM PC/XT/AT - Monochrome Adapter or EGA Adapter IBM PC 3270 Compaq - all models Texas Instruments Business Pro (PCAT Mode) IBM Compatible with Hercules Monochrome Graphics Board 2.2 Loading Language Window (IBM CGA systems) A computer that contains an IBM CGA board should have the Language Window program run by entering LW286/F at the DOS prompt. Be sure that you use any drive or pathname required to find the LW286.COM program. If you are not sure whether your computer has an IBM CGA board, first try running Language Window without the /F. If, when you use the BROWSE feature (see section 4.4), you observe flicker of the video display or snowy interference on the screen, then you do have an IBM CGA and must run LW286 with the /F switch. 2.3 Language Window with Other Memory Resident Utilities While it is not possible to test Language Window's compatibility with every memory resident program, care has been taken to ensure a maximum likelihood of co-resident compatibility. For example, Language Window is compatible with Borland International's SIDEKICK program. However, the Language Window program must be loaded before the SIDEKICK program. 3. Equipment Requirements Language Window can be run on any IBM PC/XT/AT or strict compatible. When resident the program takes up approximately 27K bytes of memory. The program can be loaded in systems using DOS 1.00 or higher. 4. Using Language Window 4.1 Opening the Language Window Once it has been made resident, the Language Window is always just two keystrokes away. Simply press the SHIFT and CTRL keys simultaneously and the Language Window will pop-up. Language Window has been designed for use in text oriented applications such as word processors. Consequently, the Language Window cannot be opened while in a graphics mode. Attempts to open the window in a graphics mode will only produce a beep. --- Page 2 LW286 --- 4.2 The Language Window Layout The Language Window is divided into three distinct sections. In the upper left corner is the Processor Window. This window shows the microprocessor of the computer currently running Language Window. Language Window will identify the Intel 8086/88, 80186/188 and 80286 microprocessors. Below the Processor Window is the Instruction Window. This window displays the entire mnemonic instruction set of the Intel 80286 microprocessor. Certain instructions are available only on the 80286 microprocessor. These instructions are identified using a ø symbol. The instructions are arranged in alphabetical order with the exception of the two INFO pages at the top of the list. The "1 INFO", "2 INFO" and "3 INFO" items provide general information on the microprocessor covered by this edition of Language Window. Information such as the use of the segment override prefix and the time required for effective address calculation is displayed by these first two items. The Instruction Window also contains the hilighting bar which is used to indicate the current instruction to be referenced. The largest section of Language Window is the Information Window. Here the reference information about a given instruction is displayed. The format of this window closely resembles the layout of the Intel Programmer Reference manuals. Hilighted at the top of the window is the mnemonic instruction along with a short explanatory phrase. Below this is the instruction calling syntax and the status flags effected by the instruction. Identification of the flags is provided on the "2 INFO" page. A flag in parenthesis indicates that the setting of that flag is undefined following execution of the instruction. Below the syntax and flag lines is an explanation of the functions performed by the instruction. The lower portion of the Information Window lists all allowable operand codings for the instruction. Along with each operand coding is listed the execution time in clock periods, number of internal transfers and instruction size. 4.3 Instruction Selection Using the Cursor There are three ways to look up an instruction reference information. The first method is to use the CURSOR UP/DOWN keys to move the hilighting bar in the Instruction Window over the desired instruction. After pressing RETURN the instruction's reference information will be displayed in the Information Window. In addition to the cursor up/down --- Page 3 LW286 --- keys, the HOME and END keys may be used to position the hilighting bar at the top or bottom of the instruction list respectively. 4.4 Browsing Through Instructions A second method for looking up instruction reference information is to use the PgUp/PgDn keys. These keys allow browsing through the instruction information pages. For example, pressing PgDn will move the hilighting bar down one instruction and show the information about that instruction. These keys simulate thumbing through a reference manual. 4.5 Instruction Searching Many times you will already know the instruction you wish to look up. At the bottom of the Language Window are the words "ALPHA KEY lookup". If ANY ALPHA-NUMERIC KEY is pressed, this portion of the Language Window is replaced with the word "FIND:" followed by the letters or numbers that you type. By simply typing the instruction you wish to find and pressing RETURN the Language Window will automatically search the instruction list for the desired instruction and, if found, display the reference information. If the information is not found, a message to that effect is printed next to "FIND:" and after a few seconds the hilighting bar is returned to its location before the search. If you have activated "FIND:" in error, pressing ESC will return you to normal program operation. This method of instruction lookup is also useful for moving to a particular alphabetic location in the Instruction Window. For example, to move the hilighting bar to the "M"s in the Instruction Window simply type an "M" and press RETURN. 4.6 Closing the Language Window To return to your application press ESC Your application screen will be returned to you with the cursor size and location exactly as it was before Language Window was opened. If you now re-open Language Window, the reference information last displayed will still be there. This way you do not need to memorize or re-find the instruction information. --- Page 4 LW286 --- 5. Places to Use Language Window Language Window was designed to provide quick access to computer language reference information from within any application. You will find that Language Window is most useful while you are working in language interpreters, writing programs in word processors, working within a debugger or writing detailed coding specifications. The best of luck to you in your use of Language Window and in your programming endeavors. --- Page 5 LW286 --- NOTICE The Language Window program is a quick reference guide intended to supplement and not replace existing manufacturer's reference literature. The program is offered as is and no warranties, either express or implied, are made as to the complete accuracy of the data contained within the program or within this manual. The information in this program and in this users guide is subject to change without notice. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IBM, PC/XT, PC/AT, and PC 3270 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Compaq is a registered trademark of Compaq Computer Corporation. Business Pro is a registered trademark of Texas Instruments. Hercules is a trademark owned by Hercules. Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. The mnemonics for the Intel 80286 microprocessor are copyright Intel corporation and are reproduced by permission. --- Page 6 LW286 ---