by Tore » 27 Jan 2002 17:48
Torque converters seem to rank right up there with black holes and UFOs on the Mysterious Objects List. But once you know the basic, choosing the right converter isn't mysterious at all.
BUILDING THE PROPER ENGINE: A torque converter reacts to engine torque; the more torque you feed a converter, the better it will perform. For a converter to operate properly, you need to build your engine to make as much low and midrange torque as possible in the same rpm range the converter is rated for. For street engines, this means limiting camshaft to no more than 230 degrees at .050" lift, advancing the cam 2-4 degrees, and using a small cfm carb. when possible.
STALL SPEED: Nothing about torque converters is more misunderstood than stall speed. Stall speed is directly related to the amount of torque your engine produces - the more torque, the higher stall speed. For example, a converter with a 2800 to 3200 rpm rating might provide approximatley 2800 rpm of stall speed behind a mild small block V8, but about 5000 rpm behind a big block making 800-plus ft.-lbs of torque. Without knowing how much torque your engine makes, you cannot know how much stall speed a converter is capable of.
That leads to perhaps the biggest problem people have when buying a converter: stall speed ratings. While most converter manufacturers list stall speed ranges, those numbers are very, very general guidelines; true stall speed is impossible to measure due to vehicle variables. The time-honored method of testing a converter's stall speed-holding the brake and revving the engine while in gear-doesn't work, primarily because the tires will spin before you reach the converter's stall rpm.
Most complaints about converters center on a stall speed that is too low. The problem is usally a lack of low-end torque, but there are other variables that can contribute to lower stall speed, including the following: *Low vehicle weight *Small cubic inch engine *Very low compression ratio *Tunnel ram-type manifold *Large carburetor thtottle bores *Mechanical secundary carburetor linkages *Multiple carburetion *Long duration camshaft *Retard cam timing